Minority stress among sexual minority women

性少数女性的少数压力

• 批准号: 7670140
• 负责人: Keren Lehavot
• 金额: $ 3.77万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-30 至 2011-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7670140
• 关键词: Minority; stress; among; sexual; minority

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The most prevalent mental disorders afflicting women are anxiety and affective disorders, while common health risk behaviors include alcohol and drug use, smoking, and obesity-related behaviors. Sexual minority women (SMW; lesbians, bisexual women, and other women who partner with women), who constitute an estimated 4-5% of the U.S. population of women, are at particular risk for these adverse outcomes. For example, SMW are up to three times more likely to experience depression, up to two times more likely to smoke, and up to three times more likely to be overweight compared to their heterosexual counterparts. Indeed, this population has been acknowledged as at risk for health disparities in Healthy People 2010. Researchers have hypothesized that the elevated rates of mental disorders and health risk behaviors among SMW are linked to the individual and cultural oppression experienced by this population. However, this "minority stress" hypothesis has not been adequately examined in empirical studies of women, in part due to the lack of a gender-sensitive model and instrument to assess SMW's specific concerns. Research on the impact and nature of minority stressors in this population is desperately needed in order to design prevention interventions. To this end, the proposed mixed-methods study will examine associations among minority stress and health outcomes of SMW. Specifically, the qualitative phase will use three focus groups of 24 SMW to provide a description of the novel category "gender expression" and explore its relation to health outcomes and who may be at greatest risk. The quantitative phase will investigate a theoretical model of the effects of gender expression and minority stressors on the outcomes of mental health (i.e., depression, anxiety) and health risk behaviors (i.e., alcohol and drug use, smoking, obesity-related behaviors). Minority stressors we will study include bias-related victimization, stigma consciousness, concealment, internalized homophobia, and internalized sexism. Quantitative data will be collected in a national web-based survey of 200 ethnically diverse SMW. The applicant, who is a top student at a highly ranked clinical psychology program, has outlined an extensive and detailed research plan for the project. Moreover, she has assembled a team of experts in this area who are well situated to mentor her and assist in achieving the project goals.

描述（由申请人提供）： 困扰妇女的最普遍的精神障碍是焦虑和情感障碍，而常见的健康风险行为包括酗酒和吸毒、吸烟和与肥胖有关的行为。性少数群体妇女（法定最低工资;女同性恋者、双性恋妇女和其他与妇女有伴侣的妇女），估计占美国妇女人口的4-5%，特别容易发生这些不良后果。例如，与异性恋者相比，SMW患抑郁症的可能性高出三倍，吸烟的可能性高出两倍，超重的可能性高出三倍。事实上，《2010年健康人》已确认这一人群面临健康差距的风险。研究人员假设，SMW中精神障碍和健康风险行为的发病率升高与该人群所经历的个人和文化压迫有关。然而，在以妇女为对象的实证研究中，这一“少数人压力”假设并未得到充分检验，部分原因是缺乏对性别问题有敏感认识的模式和工具来评估法定最低工资的具体关切。迫切需要研究少数群体压力源在这一人群中的影响和性质，以便设计预防干预措施。为此，建议的混合方法研究将探讨少数民族的压力和法定最低工资的健康结果之间的关联。具体而言，定性阶段将使用三个焦点组，每组24个法定最低工资，以描述新类别“性别表达”，并探讨其与健康结果的关系以及谁可能面临最大风险。定量阶段将调查性别表达和少数民族压力源对心理健康结果影响的理论模型（即，抑郁，焦虑）和健康风险行为（即，酒精和药物使用，吸烟，肥胖相关行为）。少数民族的压力，我们将研究包括偏见相关的受害，污名意识，隐瞒，内化同性恋恐惧症，和内化性别歧视。我们会在全国性的网上调查中收集200个不同种族的法定最低工资的定量数据。申请人是一个高排名的临床心理学项目的尖子生，他为这个项目概述了一个广泛而详细的研究计划。此外，她还组建了一个该领域的专家团队，他们能够很好地指导她并协助实现项目目标。