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Neurocognitive Effects of Opiate Agonist Treatment in HIV Infected Drug Users

阿片激动剂治疗对 HIV 感染吸毒者的神经认知影响

基本信息

批准号：
8329872
负责人：
JULIA H. ARNSTEN
金额：
$ 70.83万
依托单位：
ALBERT EINSTEIN COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-08-01 至 2017-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8329872
关键词：
Adult Affect Aftercare Agonist American Brain Buprenorphine Clinical Trials Design Dementia Disease Drug Addiction Drug Interactions Drug usage Drug user Enrollment Ensure Epidemiology Exhibits Frequencies Functional disorder HIV HIV Infections Health Personnel Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Impairment Improve Access Longitudinal Studies Maintenance Therapy Measures Methadone Neurocognitive Neurocognitive Deficit Opiate Addiction Opiates Opioid Outcome Patients Performance Persons Pharmaceutical Preparations Pharmacotherapy Physicians Randomized Randomized Clinical Trials Recommendation Recording of previous events Relative (related person)Research Risk Role Running Severities Testing Therapeutic Time Treatment outcome United States Food and Drug Administration adverse outcome arm design experience follow-up improved kappa opioid receptors longitudinal design methadone maintenance motor deficit mu opioid receptors substance abuse treatment treatment effect

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Rates of HIV-associated neurocognitive (NC) disorders remain high, despite the emergence of HAART. HIV-infected drug users exhibit accelerated and more severe NC dysfunction than either HIV-infected persons without drug use histories, or uninfected drug users. Because the risk of NC impairment is also elevated in opioid users regardless of HIV-status, there is additive risk of NC impairment for HIV-infected opioid users. How medications commonly used to treat opioid dependence affect the progression NC dysfunction is poorly understood. Methadone is the most commonly used medication for opioid addiction treatment, and some studies suggest that methadone, a full mu opioid receptor agonist, may be associated with NC deficits. However, these studies have largely lacked longitudinal follow-up to assess whether long-term methadone maintenance is associated with progression of NC dysfunction. Further, despite its therapeutic benefits, methadone is under- utilized, with only 12% of opioid-dependent Americans receiving methadone in 2005. To remedy this, buprenrophine was approved for opioid addiction treatment in 2002. Buprenorphine, a partial mu opioid receptor agonist and kappa opioid receptor antagonist, may have favorable NC effects compared to methadone. However, few studies have examined buprenorphine's NC effects, and none have included longitudinal follow-up or focused on HIV-infected persons. To ensure that treatment providers understand the full range of buprenorphine's effects, it is crucial to evaluate the relative NC effects of buprenorphine and methadone in opioid users with and without HIV infection. In this revised application, we propose to use a randomized clinical trial (RCT) design to test the hypothesis that treatment with buprenorphine is associated with significant improvement in NC function in opioid-dependent drug users with- and with- out HIV, compared to methadone. We will also examine whether HIV-infection moderates the impact of opioid agonist therapies on NC function. We will enroll and randomize 160 subjects 1:1 to 6 months of buprenorphine or methadone treatment, both of which will be delivered in the same supervised setting by experienced substance abuse treatment physicians. We will stratify randomization by HIV-serostatus, to ensure equal numbers of HIV-infected subjects in each arm. Following randomization and a one week run-in, we will measure NC function with a state-of-the art NC battery. We will then repeat the NC battery after 3 and 6 months of opioid agonist treatment. Our specific aims are: (1) to determine, in an RCT, whether buprenorphine is associated with significant improvement in NC function compared to methadone; (2) to assess the impact of buprenorphine treatment on change in NC function over time; and (3) to assess the impact of methadone treatment on changes in NC function over time. This will be the first randomized longitudinal trial investigating the impact of methadone and buprenorphine on neurocognitive outcomes. Findings from this study have the potential to impact treatment recommendations for opioid dependence for drug users with or without HIV, to improve NC outcomes, and to deepen our understanding of brain-drug interactions. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: HIV remains an important cause of neurocognitive (NC) dysfunction, despite the introduction of HAART in the mid-1990's. Significant numbers of HIV infected drug users exhibit accelerated and more severe NC dysfunction compared to either HIV infected persons without a history of drug use, or to uninfected drug users. Because the risk of NC impairment is also elevated in opioid users regardless of HIV status, among HIV- infected opioid users there is an additive risk of NC impairment. To understand whether opiate agonist therapies, including methadone and buprenorphine, worsen or improve NC function and treatment outcomes, it is crucial to evaluate their relative impact on NC function in opioid users with and without HIV infection.