Neuroimaging & Cognition for Predicting Tobacco Dependence Treatment Outcomes

神经影像学

• 批准号: 8376910
• 负责人: DIETER J MEYERHOFF
• 金额: $ 55.88万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-06-01 至 2015-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8376910
• 关键词: Abstinence; Address; Affect; Aftercare; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; American; Behavior; Behavioral; Biochemistry; Blood flow; Brain; Brain Injuries; Buprenorphine; Candidate Disease Gene; Characteristics; Chronic; Cigarette; Cigarette Smoker; Clinical Trials; Cognition; Cognitive; Collaborations; Complement; Complex; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dependence; Development; Drug Addiction; Drug abuse; Drug usage; Economically Deprived Population; Foundations; Functional disorder; Future; General Population; Genetic; Genetic Polymorphism; Genotype; Health; Health Policy; Individual; Injury; Intervention; Knowledge; Link; Long-Term Care; Magnetic Resonance; Maintenance; Maintenance Therapy; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Mental disorders; Mission; Morbidity - disease rate; Morphology; Neurobiology; Neurocognitive; Opiate Addiction; Opioid; Outcome; Outcome Measure; Participant; Patients; Perfusion; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phenotype; Population; Prevalence; Quality of life; Randomized; Relapse; Replacement Therapy; Research; Resources; Rewards; Risk; Secondary to; Short-Term Memory; Single Nucleotide Polymorphism; Smoke; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; Smoking Cessation Intervention; Smoking Status; Societies; Substance Use Disorder; Substance abuse problem; Testing; Tobacco; Tobacco Dependence; Tobacco smoking; Tobacco use; Treatment outcome; Work; addiction; base; brain morphology; cigarette smoking; drug abuser; ethnic minority population; experience; follow-up; frontal lobe; hazardous drinking; innovation; mortality; multidisciplinary; neuroimaging; processing speed; psychosocial; public education; reward circuitry; skills; smoking cessation; smoking relapse; tobacco abstinence; treatment response

Despite concerted efforts at investigating and disseminating the health risks of tobacco dependence, millions of Americans continue to smoke chronically. Drug abusers have twice the smoking rate of the general population and suffer increasingly costly quality of life and health consequences. For example, more than 80% of opioid dependent individuals on buprenorphine maintenance therapy smoke cigarettes. Recent research suggests that cigarette smoking adversely affects brain morphology, blood flow, biochemistry, and cognition. These smoking-related brain abnormalities resemble those observed in chronic drug use and involve major components of the reward circuit, implicated in the initiation and maintenance of all forms of addiction. Tobacco dependence is also related to higher levels of non-nicotinic drug use after drug abuse treatment. The impact of combined opioid and tobacco dependence on neurobiology and behavior has not been evaluated systematically, and its relations to high smoking relapse rates in this population are poorly understood. Recent research implicates abnormalities in the reward circuitry as major contributor to relapse in all drug use, but corresponding evidence from opioid users in tobacco dependence treatment is lacking. The main purpose of this component is to a) obtain magnetic resonance-derived and neurocognitive measures of the integrity of frontal-subcortical brain circuits in opioid dependent individuals on buprenorphine replacement therapy before their extended, innovative tobacco dependence treatment, b) determine if these measures diffenentiate successful and unsuccessful quitters, and c) determine their ability to pnedlct \obacco dependence treatment response at 3, 6, 12, and 18 months after treatment randomization. Exploratory genetic studies will address the influence of select single nucleotide polymorphisms on the main neurobiological and treatment outcome measures and the impact of these polymorphisms on quit rates. The overarching purpose of this research is to enable - within the existing framework of the Center - the development of a unique collaboration among two productive research teams at UCSF that both have aimed for many years to help reduce the overall impact of drug abuse on society. This multidisciplinary component, performed as part of a larger clinical trial of extended and innovative tobacco dependence treatment, is expected to increase our understanding of the extent to which neurobiological and cognitive deficiencies as well as specific genotypes contribute to an individual's ability to maintain long-term tobacco abstinence.

尽管在调查和传播烟草依赖的健康风险方面做出了共同努力， 数以百万计的美国人继续长期吸烟。吸毒者吸烟率是吸烟者的两倍 并遭受日益昂贵的生活质量和健康后果。例如，更多 接受丁丙诺啡维持治疗的阿片依赖者中，超过80%的人吸烟。近期 研究表明，吸烟对大脑形态、血液流动、生化和 认知力。这些与吸烟有关的大脑异常与慢性药物使用和 涉及奖励回路的主要组成部分，涉及启动和维持所有形式的 上瘾。烟草依赖也与药物滥用后较高水平的非尼古丁药物使用有关。 治疗。阿片类药物和烟草联合依赖对神经生物学和行为的影响尚未 已经进行了系统的评估，而且它与这一人群中高吸烟率的关系很差 明白了。最近的研究表明，奖赏回路的异常是复发的主要原因 在所有药物使用中，缺乏阿片类药物使用者在烟草依赖治疗中的相应证据。 该组件主要目的是a)获得磁共振和神经认知 阿片类药物依赖者额叶-皮质下脑回路完整性的测量 丁丙诺啡替代疗法，在其扩大、创新的烟草依赖治疗之前，b) 确定这些措施是否区分成功和不成功的戒烟者，以及c)确定他们的能力 观察治疗后3、6、12、18个月的烟草依赖治疗反应。 探索性遗传研究将解决选择的单核苷酸多态对主要 神经生物学和治疗结果指标以及这些基因多态对戒毒率的影响。 这项研究的主要目的是--在中心的现有框架内-- 在加州大学旧金山分校两个富有成效的研究团队之间发展独特的合作，这两个团队都致力于 多年来帮助减少药物滥用对社会的整体影响。这个多学科的组成部分， 作为延长和创新烟草依赖治疗的更大临床试验的一部分， 期望增加我们对神经生物学和认知缺陷的程度的理解 此外，特定的基因类型有助于个人保持长期戒烟的能力。