In-person vs. Computer Interventions to Increase Probation Compliance

描述（由申请人提供）：众所周知，刑事司法系统中的药物滥用治疗可有效减少药物使用和相关犯罪行为。虽然药物和酒精治疗是刑事司法程序中的常见任务，但只有少数客户实际上开始治疗。本应用程序将比较两种干预形式，目标动机启动和从事药物滥用治疗的一组缓刑谁有药物或酒精治疗条件。在两个缓刑地点（巴尔的摩，马里兰州和达拉斯，得克萨斯州）的600名毒品和酒精罪犯将被随机接受：1）面对面的动机访谈会议（MI），2）动机计算机程序（MC），或3）摄入和监测监督照常（SAU）。MI条件将沿着有希望的检查格式的路线进行结构化，该格式包括以MI风格提供的评估和个性化反馈; MC条件的内容将从有效激励计算机程序的先前文献中提取。此外，由于刑事司法人员中传染病的发病率高得多，以及吸毒与传染病之间的联系，MI和MC条件将包括为符合条件的参与者转介艾滋病毒/艾滋病检测和治疗。这两项干预措施将在试用期开始时实施，并在一个月、六个月和十二个月进行后续评估。主要结果包括物质滥用治疗的参与和参与;次要结果包括药物和酒精使用，缓刑进展，艾滋病毒检测和治疗以及犯罪行为。该项目将是第一个开发和测试两种干预措施的项目，以鼓励刑事司法客户遵循治疗建议，目的是增加治疗的开始和减少随后的药物使用和相关的危险行为。它还有助于与两个大型缓刑机构-达拉斯县监督和惩教部和马里兰州假释和缓刑司-建立持续的伙伴关系。 公共卫生相关性：尽管这是刑事司法判决的一项共同任务，但只有少数持有药物治疗令的缓刑犯实际上完成了药物滥用治疗。药物滥用者的艾滋病毒/艾滋病发病率也较高，但很少有人寻求检测或护理。这个项目将比较一个人的动机访谈，一个动机的计算机程序，或监督像往常一样，以增加谁遵循通过药物滥用治疗任务和/或接受艾滋病毒检测和治疗的缓刑人数。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): It is well established that substance abuse treatment in the criminal justice system is effective at reducing drug use and related criminal behavior. Although drug and alcohol treatment are common mandates in criminal justice programs, only a minority of clients actually initiate treatment. This application will compare two intervention formats that target motivation to initiate and engage in substance abuse treatment among a group of probationers who have drug or alcohol treatment conditions. Six hundred drug and alcohol offenders in two probation sites (Baltimore, Maryland, and Dallas, Texas) will be randomized to receive: 1) an in-person motivational interviewing session (MI), 2) a motivational computer program (MC), or 3) intake and monitoring supervision as usual (SAU). The MI condition will be structured along the lines of the promising Check-Up format, which consists of an assessment and personalized feedback delivered in an MI style; the content of the MC condition will be drawn from previous literature on effective motivational computer programs. In addition, because of the much higher rates of infectious disease among criminal justice populations and the link between drug use and infectious disease, the MI and MC conditions would include a referral to HIV/AIDS testing and treatment for those participants who qualify. Both interventions will be delivered at the start of the probation process, with follow-up assessments at one, six, and twelve months. Primary outcomes include engagement and participation in substance abuse treatment; secondary outcomes include drug and alcohol use, probation progress, HIV testing and treatment, and criminal behavior. This project will be the first to develop and test two interventions for encouraging criminal justice clients to follow through with treatment recommendations, with the goal of increasing treatment initiation and reducing subsequent drug use and related risky behavior. It also contributes to ongoing partnerships with two large probation agencies -- the Dallas County Supervision and Corrections Department and the Maryland Division of Parole and Probation. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Despite being a common mandate of criminal justice sentencing, only a minority of probationers with drug treatment orders actually complete substance abuse treatment. Substance abusers also have higher rates of incidence of HIV/AIDS, yet few seek testing or care. This project will compare an in-person motivational interview, a motivational computer program, or supervision as usual, in order to increase the number of probationers who follow through with substance abuse treatment mandates and/or receive HIV testing and treatment.