A Cross-National Perspective in Migrant Health

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究旨在阐明美国移民群体之间的健康差异相对于其派遣国的健康状况，并有助于我们理解移民合并过程的公共卫生影响。我们专门解决移民健康选择和文化适应的解释，通过比较健康状况和（横截面）特定年龄的健康轨迹的移民男性和女性从五个原籍国对那些具有相似特征的非移民谁留在原籍社会。与大多数现有的研究相比，原籍社会的比较将提供一个更合适的分析反事实，这些研究只将移民与当地人或其他移民群体进行比较。跨国比较将使我们能够进一步研究的相关性（a）在确定特定性别的移民选择性和B）的背景下，在目的地的接收移民的脸在影响移民的健康轨迹的移民的条件。我们着眼于五个主要的移民群体，健康状况，移民条件和接收的背景变化明显：中国人，多米尼加人，印度人，墨西哥人和菲律宾人。我们使用来自美国和这五个输出国的全国代表性数据，即前者的全国健康访谈调查和新移民调查，后者的世界健康调查和全球老龄化和成人健康调查。我们研究了几种理论上受文化适应影响的健康结果，这些结果是主要慢性病的关键风险因素，包括自我报告的身高，体重指数（BMI）水平和当前吸烟状况，以及自我报告的糖尿病状况。我们还采用了自测健康（SRH）措施，这些措施反映了客观的健康状况，总体幸福感，甚至是对美国社会的文化适应。多变量回归和匹配技术相结合，将使我们能够把重点放在健康选择性问题上，同时尽量减少因移徙者不代表其原籍人口的随机子集而产生的健康差异。最后，我们将估计总结措施的假设群体的人在整个生命过程中（根据他们的迁移时间）的基础上，多态生命表技术，以比较潜在的健康轨迹的个人根据他们的文化适应水平，同时保持非移民轨迹作为反事实的利益。 公共卫生相关性：该项目比较了来自五个主要移民来源（中国，多米尼加共和国，印度，墨西哥和菲律宾）的移民成年男性和女性的几个主要健康结果（身高，BMI，吸烟，糖尿病，自测健康）及其特定年龄的轨迹，这些结果在各自的派遣国的非移民中普遍存在。通过比较移民的水平和轨迹与非移民的原籍国，本研究旨在阐明在美国移民群体之间的健康差异相对于他们的原籍国的健康状况，并有助于我们理解移民融入过程的公共卫生影响。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This study aims to shed light on health disparities among immigrant groups in the U.S. relative to health conditions in their sending countries and to contribute to our understanding of the public health implications of immigrant incorporation processes. We specifically address explanations for immigrant health selection and acculturation by comparing the health status and (cross-sectional) age-specific health trajectories of immigrant men and women from five origin nations against those of non-migrants with similar characteristics who remain in the origin society. The origin-society comparison will offer a more appropriate analytic counterfactual than that used in most existing studies, which only compare immigrants to natives or to other immigrant cohorts. A cross-national comparison will allow us to further examine the relevance of a) conditions of emigration in determining sex-specific migrant selectivity and b) the context of reception immigrants' face in destinations in influencing immigrant health trajectories. We look at five major immigrant groups where health outcomes, conditions of emigration, and contexts of reception vary conspicuously: Chinese, Dominicans, Indians, Mexicans, and Filipinos. We use nationally-representative data from both the United States and each of these five sending countries, namely National Health Interview Survey and New Immigrant Survey in the former and World Health Survey and the Survey of Global Ageing and Adult Health in the latter. We look at several health outcomes theoretically affected in different ways by acculturation and which are key risk factors of major chronic conditions, including self-reported height, body mass index (BMI) levels, and current smoking status, in addition to self-reported diabetes status. We also employ self-rated health (SRH) measures, which capture objective health, general well-being, and even acculturation to U.S. society. A combination of multivariate regression and matching techniques will allow us to focus on the health selectivity issue while minimizing health differences arising from the fact that migrants do not represent a random subset of their populations of origin. Finally, we will estimate summary measures for hypothetical groups of people across the life course (according to the timing of their migration) based on multistate life table techniques in order to compare the potential health trajectories of individuals according to their level of acculturation while keeping non-migrant trajectories as the counterfactual of interest. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This project compares several major health outcomes (height, BMI, smoking, diabetes, self-rated health) and their age-specific trajectories among immigrant adult men and women coming from five major immigrant origins (China, the Dominican Republic, India, Mexico, and the Philippines) with those prevalent among non-migrants in their respective sending countries. By comparing both the levels and trajectories of immigrants with those of non-migrants in origin, this study aims to shed light on health disparities among immigrant groups in the U.S. relative to health conditions in their sending countries and to contribute to our understanding of the public health implications of immigrant incorporation processes.