Physiological Risk Patterns and Heterogeneity in Toddler Behavioral Regulation

幼儿行为调节的生理风险模式和异质性

• 批准号: 7897415
• 负责人: ASHLEY L HILL-Soderlund
• 金额: $ 7.23万
• 依托单位: ST. NORBERT COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-06-01 至 2012-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7897415
• 关键词: Address; Adolescent; Adrenal Glands; Affect; Age; Age-Months; Arousal; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Biological Assay; Biological Markers; Biosocial; Caregivers; Caring; Child; Child Behavior Checklist; Child Development; Child health care; Clinical; Code; Cognitive; Comorbidity; Data; Data Set; Development; Disease; Emotional; Emotions; Environment; Family; Foundations; Funding; General Population; Goals; Growth; Hand; Health; Heterogeneity; Hydrocortisone; Hypothalamic structure; Income; Individual; Individual Differences; Intervention; Knowledge; Life; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mental disorders; Modeling; Mothers; National Institute of Mental Health; North Carolina; Parenting behavior; Parents; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Persons; Physiological; Physiology; Pituitary Gland; Pituitary-Adrenal System; Play; Population; Poverty; Problem behavior; Process; Psyche structure; Psychopathology; Recruitment Activity; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Research Proposals; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Role; Saliva; Salivary; Sampling; Strategic Planning; Stress; Subgroup; Surrogate Markers; Sympathetic Nervous System; System; Techniques; Time; Toddler; Work; aged; alpha-amylase; biological adaptation to stress; caregiving; design; early childhood; innovation; insight; interest; public health relevance; resilience; statistics; teacher

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Within the general population, parents and teachers worry about children's tendencies to overcontrol their behavior or to demonstrate signs of undercontrol in early life, and a significant percentage of these children go on to develop psychopathologies. In order to understand what sets children on disparate pathways of risk or resilience for later psychopathology, it is important to identify early associations between physiology and behavior as the foundations underlying mental disease. The current proposal seeks to examine multiple indicators of the stress response system and how they coordinate in order to identify patterns of physiological risk that predict early individual differences in trajectories of behavior problems across early childhood and how caregiving may affect or change the association between physiology and behavior problems in an economically and racially diverse sample, goals that closely mirror the NIMH strategic aims. A consistent biomarker for risk has not been established in early childhood. Recently, studies indicate that a new biomarker of sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity, salivary alpha-amylase (sAA), shows great promise as a predictor of early behavior problems. In addition, there is some evidence to suggest that physiological stress systems interact with each other rather than contribute independently to behavior problems, a model that may better represent the complexity of development. Thus, the current proposal examines the interaction of hypo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) system and the SNS system in order to identify patterns of physiological risk for behavior problems. Whether those behavior problems are manifested is most likely influenced by the environment. One of the most salient contexts for a toddler is the caregiving environment, and caregiver behaviors such as sensitivity and intrusiveness are associated with individual differences in behavior problems. The Durham Child Health and Development (DCHD) study is an ideal dataset for this proposed project. This study has demographic, behavioral, self-report, parenting and physiological data for 206 families recruited to be relatively equal in the number of white and black families and lower- and higher-income groups. At 24 months of age, parenting behaviors, such as sensitivity and intrusiveness, were coded during parent-child challenge tasks. The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) was completed by the mother at 18, 24, 30, 36 months of age. Salivary cortisol, a well researched marker of HPA arousal, was collected and assayed at 18, 24, 30 and 36 months of age. The current study proposes to re-assay existing saliva samples to obtain an additional physiological measure, sAA. It is yet unclear the role sAA plays in predicting behavior problems, whether stress systems contribute independently or interactively to risk for behavior problems, whether a certain pattern can be identified, and whether caregiving behaviors may affect this association. The current proposal has the potential to add greatly to our knowledge by examining early foundations of mental disease over time and to address these issues from a person-oriented and multi-level perspective. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The Federal Agency Forum on Child and Family statistics reports that in 2007 approximately 5% children aged 4-17 were rated by their parents as having serious emotional or behavioral difficulties, including problems managing their emotions, focusing on tasks, and/or controlling their behavior; this number jumps to 7% when families live below the poverty line. The proposed study is designed to examine early behavior problems at multiple levels of analysis, including biological and environmental variables in a racially and economically diverse sample. In line with the NIMH strategic goals, this proposal may help to identify biomarkers of risk for problematic behavior while also examining salient contextual variables. Establishing biomarkers of early risk may help us understand the foundations for later mental disease and also help to target interventions at a time in development when these maladaptive patterns have not yet fully organized.

描述(由申请人提供)：在普通人群中，父母和老师担心孩子在早期有过度控制自己行为或表现出失控迹象的倾向，这些孩子中有相当大一部分继续发展为精神病态。为了了解是什么让儿童走上了后来精神病理学的不同风险或韧性途径，重要的是确定生理和行为之间的早期关联是精神疾病的基础。目前的提案试图检查压力反应系统的多个指标及其如何协调，以确定预测早期儿童行为问题轨迹中早期个体差异的生理风险模式，以及在经济和种族多样化的样本中，照料可能如何影响或改变生理和行为问题之间的关联，这些目标密切反映了NIMH的战略目标。在儿童早期，还没有建立起一致的风险生物标记物。最近，研究表明，交感神经系统(SNS)活动的一个新的生物标志物，唾液α-淀粉酶(SAA)，在预测早期行为问题方面显示出巨大的潜力。此外，有一些证据表明，生理压力系统是相互作用的，而不是独立导致行为问题的，这一模型可能更好地代表了发育的复杂性。因此，目前的建议研究了下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(HPA)系统和SNS系统的相互作用，以确定行为问题的生理风险模式。这些行为问题是否表现出来，很可能是受到环境的影响。对蹒跚学步的孩子来说，最显著的背景之一是照看环境，而照顾者的行为，如敏感性和侵入性，与行为问题的个体差异有关。达勒姆儿童健康与发展(DCHD)研究是这一拟议项目的理想数据集。这项研究拥有206个家庭的人口统计、行为、自我报告、育儿和生理数据，这些家庭被招募为白人和黑人家庭以及低收入和高收入群体数量相对相等的家庭。在24个月大的时候，父母的行为，如敏感性和侵入性，在亲子挑战任务中被编码。儿童行为量表(CBCL)由母亲在18、24、30、36个月时完成。收集唾液皮质醇，并在18、24、30和36个月龄时进行测定。目前的研究建议重新测定现有的唾液样本，以获得额外的生理指标SAA。目前尚不清楚SAA在预测行为问题中所起的作用，压力系统是独立还是交互作用导致行为问题的风险，是否可以确定某种模式，以及照顾行为是否会影响这种联系。目前的提案有可能通过研究精神疾病的早期基础来极大地增加我们的知识，并从以人为本和多层次的角度解决这些问题。 与公共健康相关：联邦机构儿童和家庭统计论坛报告称，2007年，大约5%的4-17岁儿童被父母评定为有严重的情绪或行为困难，包括情绪管理、专注于任务和/或控制行为方面的问题；当家庭生活在贫困线以下时，这一数字跃升至7%。这项拟议的研究旨在从多个层面分析早期行为问题，包括不同种族和不同经济背景的样本中的生物和环境变量。根据NIMH的战略目标，这项建议可能有助于识别问题行为的风险生物标记物，同时也检查显著的背景变量。建立早期风险的生物标记物可能有助于我们理解后来精神疾病的基础，也有助于在这些不适应模式尚未完全组织起来的发展时期进行针对性的干预。