Physiological Risk Patterns and Heterogeneity in Toddler Behavioral Regulation

幼儿行为调节的生理风险模式和异质性

• 批准号: 7897415
• 负责人: ASHLEY L HILL-Soderlund
• 金额: $ 7.23万
• 依托单位: ST. NORBERT COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-06-01 至 2012-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7897415
• 关键词: Address; Adolescent; Adrenal Glands; Affect; Age; Age-Months; Arousal; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Biological Assay; Biological Markers; Biosocial; Caregivers; Caring; Child; Child Behavior Checklist; Child Development; Child health care; Clinical; Code; Cognitive; Comorbidity; Data; Data Set; Development; Disease; Emotional; Emotions; Environment; Family; Foundations; Funding; General Population; Goals; Growth; Hand; Health; Heterogeneity; Hydrocortisone; Hypothalamic structure; Income; Individual; Individual Differences; Intervention; Knowledge; Life; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mental disorders; Modeling; Mothers; National Institute of Mental Health; North Carolina; Parenting behavior; Parents; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Persons; Physiological; Physiology; Pituitary Gland; Pituitary-Adrenal System; Play; Population; Poverty; Problem behavior; Process; Psyche structure; Psychopathology; Recruitment Activity; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Research Proposals; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Role; Saliva; Salivary; Sampling; Strategic Planning; Stress; Subgroup; Surrogate Markers; Sympathetic Nervous System; System; Techniques; Time; Toddler; Work; aged; alpha-amylase; biological adaptation to stress; caregiving; design; early childhood; innovation; insight; interest; public health relevance; resilience; statistics; teacher

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Within the general population, parents and teachers worry about children's tendencies to overcontrol their behavior or to demonstrate signs of undercontrol in early life, and a significant percentage of these children go on to develop psychopathologies. In order to understand what sets children on disparate pathways of risk or resilience for later psychopathology, it is important to identify early associations between physiology and behavior as the foundations underlying mental disease. The current proposal seeks to examine multiple indicators of the stress response system and how they coordinate in order to identify patterns of physiological risk that predict early individual differences in trajectories of behavior problems across early childhood and how caregiving may affect or change the association between physiology and behavior problems in an economically and racially diverse sample, goals that closely mirror the NIMH strategic aims. A consistent biomarker for risk has not been established in early childhood. Recently, studies indicate that a new biomarker of sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity, salivary alpha-amylase (sAA), shows great promise as a predictor of early behavior problems. In addition, there is some evidence to suggest that physiological stress systems interact with each other rather than contribute independently to behavior problems, a model that may better represent the complexity of development. Thus, the current proposal examines the interaction of hypo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) system and the SNS system in order to identify patterns of physiological risk for behavior problems. Whether those behavior problems are manifested is most likely influenced by the environment. One of the most salient contexts for a toddler is the caregiving environment, and caregiver behaviors such as sensitivity and intrusiveness are associated with individual differences in behavior problems. The Durham Child Health and Development (DCHD) study is an ideal dataset for this proposed project. This study has demographic, behavioral, self-report, parenting and physiological data for 206 families recruited to be relatively equal in the number of white and black families and lower- and higher-income groups. At 24 months of age, parenting behaviors, such as sensitivity and intrusiveness, were coded during parent-child challenge tasks. The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) was completed by the mother at 18, 24, 30, 36 months of age. Salivary cortisol, a well researched marker of HPA arousal, was collected and assayed at 18, 24, 30 and 36 months of age. The current study proposes to re-assay existing saliva samples to obtain an additional physiological measure, sAA. It is yet unclear the role sAA plays in predicting behavior problems, whether stress systems contribute independently or interactively to risk for behavior problems, whether a certain pattern can be identified, and whether caregiving behaviors may affect this association. The current proposal has the potential to add greatly to our knowledge by examining early foundations of mental disease over time and to address these issues from a person-oriented and multi-level perspective. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The Federal Agency Forum on Child and Family statistics reports that in 2007 approximately 5% children aged 4-17 were rated by their parents as having serious emotional or behavioral difficulties, including problems managing their emotions, focusing on tasks, and/or controlling their behavior; this number jumps to 7% when families live below the poverty line. The proposed study is designed to examine early behavior problems at multiple levels of analysis, including biological and environmental variables in a racially and economically diverse sample. In line with the NIMH strategic goals, this proposal may help to identify biomarkers of risk for problematic behavior while also examining salient contextual variables. Establishing biomarkers of early risk may help us understand the foundations for later mental disease and also help to target interventions at a time in development when these maladaptive patterns have not yet fully organized.

描述（由申请人提供）：在一般人群中，父母和教师担心儿童的倾向，过度控制他们的行为或表现出控制不足的迹象，在早期生活中，这些儿童中有很大比例继续发展精神病理学。为了了解是什么使儿童处于不同的风险或恢复途径上，以形成后来的精神病理学，重要的是要确定生理和行为之间的早期关联，作为精神疾病的基础。目前的建议旨在研究压力反应系统的多个指标，以及它们如何协调，以确定预测早期儿童行为问题轨迹的早期个体差异的生理风险模式，以及在经济和种族多样化的样本中，发育可能会影响或改变生理和行为问题之间的关联，这些目标密切反映了NIMH的战略目标。在儿童早期尚未建立一致的风险生物标志物。最近的研究表明，一种新的交感神经系统（SNS）活动的生物标志物，唾液α-淀粉酶（sAA），显示出很大的希望作为早期行为问题的预测。此外，有一些证据表明，生理应激系统相互作用，而不是独立地导致行为问题，这一模型可能更好地代表了发展的复杂性。因此，目前的建议检查下垂体肾上腺（HPA）系统和SNS系统的相互作用，以确定行为问题的生理风险模式。这些行为问题是否表现出来很可能受到环境的影响。幼儿最突出的环境之一是养育环境，而照顾者的行为，如敏感性和侵入性，与行为问题的个体差异有关。达勒姆儿童健康与发展（DCHD）研究是这个拟议项目的理想数据集。这项研究有人口统计学，行为，自我报告，养育和生理数据的206个家庭招募相对平等的数量白色和黑人家庭和低收入和高收入群体。在24个月大时，父母的行为，如敏感性和侵入性，编码在亲子挑战任务。在18、24、30、36个月时由母亲填写儿童行为量表（CBCL）。唾液皮质醇，一个很好的研究标志物的HPA觉醒，收集和分析在18，24，30和36个月大。目前的研究建议重新分析现有的唾液样本，以获得额外的生理指标sAA。目前尚不清楚sAA在预测行为问题中所起的作用，压力系统是否独立或交互地对行为问题的风险做出贡献，是否可以识别某种模式，以及行为是否会影响这种关联。目前的建议有可能大大增加我们的知识，随着时间的推移，通过检查精神疾病的早期基础，并从以人为本和多层次的角度来解决这些问题。 公共卫生相关性：联邦机构儿童和家庭统计论坛报告说，2007年，大约5%的4-17岁儿童被父母评为有严重的情绪或行为困难，包括情绪管理、任务集中和/或行为控制方面的问题;如果家庭生活在贫困线以下，这一数字上升到7%。这项研究旨在从多个层面分析早期行为问题，包括种族和经济多样化样本中的生物和环境变量。根据NIMH的战略目标，该建议可能有助于确定有问题行为的风险生物标志物，同时还检查了显着的上下文变量。建立早期风险的生物标志物可能有助于我们了解后期精神疾病的基础，也有助于在这些适应不良模式尚未完全组织起来的发展时期进行针对性干预。