Physiological Risk Patterns and Heterogeneity in Toddler Behavioral Regulation

幼儿行为调节的生理风险模式和异质性

• 批准号: 7897415
• 负责人: ASHLEY L HILL-Soderlund
• 金额: $ 7.23万
• 依托单位: ST. NORBERT COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-06-01 至 2012-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7897415
• 关键词: Address; Adolescent; Adrenal Glands; Affect; Age; Age-Months; Arousal; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Biological Assay; Biological Markers; Biosocial; Caregivers; Caring; Child; Child Behavior Checklist; Child Development; Child health care; Clinical; Code; Cognitive; Comorbidity; Data; Data Set; Development; Disease; Emotional; Emotions; Environment; Family; Foundations; Funding; General Population; Goals; Growth; Hand; Health; Heterogeneity; Hydrocortisone; Hypothalamic structure; Income; Individual; Individual Differences; Intervention; Knowledge; Life; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mental disorders; Modeling; Mothers; National Institute of Mental Health; North Carolina; Parenting behavior; Parents; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Persons; Physiological; Physiology; Pituitary Gland; Pituitary-Adrenal System; Play; Population; Poverty; Problem behavior; Process; Psyche structure; Psychopathology; Recruitment Activity; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Research Proposals; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Role; Saliva; Salivary; Sampling; Strategic Planning; Stress; Subgroup; Surrogate Markers; Sympathetic Nervous System; System; Techniques; Time; Toddler; Work; aged; alpha-amylase; biological adaptation to stress; caregiving; design; early childhood; innovation; insight; interest; public health relevance; resilience; statistics; teacher

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Within the general population, parents and teachers worry about children's tendencies to overcontrol their behavior or to demonstrate signs of undercontrol in early life, and a significant percentage of these children go on to develop psychopathologies. In order to understand what sets children on disparate pathways of risk or resilience for later psychopathology, it is important to identify early associations between physiology and behavior as the foundations underlying mental disease. The current proposal seeks to examine multiple indicators of the stress response system and how they coordinate in order to identify patterns of physiological risk that predict early individual differences in trajectories of behavior problems across early childhood and how caregiving may affect or change the association between physiology and behavior problems in an economically and racially diverse sample, goals that closely mirror the NIMH strategic aims. A consistent biomarker for risk has not been established in early childhood. Recently, studies indicate that a new biomarker of sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity, salivary alpha-amylase (sAA), shows great promise as a predictor of early behavior problems. In addition, there is some evidence to suggest that physiological stress systems interact with each other rather than contribute independently to behavior problems, a model that may better represent the complexity of development. Thus, the current proposal examines the interaction of hypo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) system and the SNS system in order to identify patterns of physiological risk for behavior problems. Whether those behavior problems are manifested is most likely influenced by the environment. One of the most salient contexts for a toddler is the caregiving environment, and caregiver behaviors such as sensitivity and intrusiveness are associated with individual differences in behavior problems. The Durham Child Health and Development (DCHD) study is an ideal dataset for this proposed project. This study has demographic, behavioral, self-report, parenting and physiological data for 206 families recruited to be relatively equal in the number of white and black families and lower- and higher-income groups. At 24 months of age, parenting behaviors, such as sensitivity and intrusiveness, were coded during parent-child challenge tasks. The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) was completed by the mother at 18, 24, 30, 36 months of age. Salivary cortisol, a well researched marker of HPA arousal, was collected and assayed at 18, 24, 30 and 36 months of age. The current study proposes to re-assay existing saliva samples to obtain an additional physiological measure, sAA. It is yet unclear the role sAA plays in predicting behavior problems, whether stress systems contribute independently or interactively to risk for behavior problems, whether a certain pattern can be identified, and whether caregiving behaviors may affect this association. The current proposal has the potential to add greatly to our knowledge by examining early foundations of mental disease over time and to address these issues from a person-oriented and multi-level perspective. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The Federal Agency Forum on Child and Family statistics reports that in 2007 approximately 5% children aged 4-17 were rated by their parents as having serious emotional or behavioral difficulties, including problems managing their emotions, focusing on tasks, and/or controlling their behavior; this number jumps to 7% when families live below the poverty line. The proposed study is designed to examine early behavior problems at multiple levels of analysis, including biological and environmental variables in a racially and economically diverse sample. In line with the NIMH strategic goals, this proposal may help to identify biomarkers of risk for problematic behavior while also examining salient contextual variables. Establishing biomarkers of early risk may help us understand the foundations for later mental disease and also help to target interventions at a time in development when these maladaptive patterns have not yet fully organized.

描述（由申请人提供）：在普通人群中，父母和老师担心孩子的行为过度控制或表现出早期控制下对抗的迹象，这些孩子中有很大一部分继续发展精神病理学。为了了解是什么使儿童置于不同的心理病理学风险或韧性途径上，重要的是要确定生理学和行为之间的早期关联是基础的基础。当前的提案试图检查压力反应系统的多个指标以及它们如何协调以确定生理风险模式，这些模式可以预测幼儿期间行为问题轨迹的早期个体差异，以及护理可能如何影响或改变经济和种族多样的样本中的生理问题与行为问题之间的关联，目标与NIMH策略的目标紧密相关。尚未在童年时期建立一致的风险生物标志物。最近，研究表明，一种新的交感神经系统（SNS）活性的生物标志物，唾液α-淀粉酶（SAA），显示出对早期行为问题的预测指标的巨大希望。此外，有一些证据表明，生理压力系统相互相互作用，而不是独立促进行为问题，该模型可以更好地代表发展的复杂性。因此，目前的建议研究了低垂体 - 肾上腺（HPA）系统和SNS系统的相互作用，以识别行为问题的生理风险模式。这些行为问题是否表现出来很可能受环境的影响。幼儿最突出的环境之一是照顾环境，敏感性和侵入性等护理人员行为与行为问题的个体差异有关。达勒姆儿童健康与发展（DCHD）研究是该拟议项目的理想数据集。这项研究具有206个家庭的人口统计，行为，自我报告，育儿和生理数据，这些家庭在白人和黑人家庭的数量以及低收入群体的数量中相对较高。在24个月大时，在亲子挑战任务中对育儿行为（例如灵敏度和侵入性）进行了编码。儿童行为清单（CBCL）是由母亲在18、24、30、36个月大的时候完成的。唾液皮质醇是HPA唤醒的良好标记，在18、24、30和36个月大时收集并测定。当前的研究建议重新测定现有的唾液样本，以获得额外的生理方法SAA。目前尚不清楚SAA在预测行为问题中所起的作用，压力系统是独立还是互动地促进行为问题的风险，是否可以确定某种模式以及是否可以影响照顾行为可能影响这种关联。当前的提案有可能通过随着时间的流逝来检查精神疾病的早期基础，并从以人为导向和多层次的角度解决这些问题，从而大大增加我们的知识。 公共卫生相关性：关于儿童和家庭统计的联邦机构论坛报道，在2007年，父母将大约4-17岁的儿童评为严重的情感或行为困难，包括管理情绪的问题，专注于任务和/或控制其行为；当家庭生活在贫困线以下时，这个数字跃升至7％。拟议的研究旨在检查多个分析级别的早期行为问题，包括种族和经济上不同样本中的生物学和环境变量。与NIMH战略目标一致，该提案可能有助于确定有问题行为风险的生物标志物，同时还检查显着的上下文变量。建立早期风险的生物标志物可能有助于我们了解后来的精神疾病的基础，并有助于在这些不良适应模式尚未完全组织的情况下进行开发时针对干预措施。