Probiotic Metabolism of Rice Bran Phytochemicals for Chemoprevention

米糠植物化学物质的益生菌代谢用于化学预防

• 批准号: 7897265
• 负责人: Elizabeth P Ryan
• 金额: $ 7.35万
• 依托单位: COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-03-29 至 2012-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7897265
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Africa; Antioxidants; Attention; Bifidobacterium; Biological Availability; Biological Models; Blood; Calories; Canis familiaris; Carbohydrates; Chemoprevention; Chemopreventive Agent; Clinical Research; Companions; Complex; Conflict (Psychology); Consumption; Coupled; Data; Detection; Development; Dietary Factors; Dietary Fiber; Dietary Intervention; Dietary intake; Digestion; Disease Resistance; Dose; Epidemiology; Escherichia coli; Essential Fatty Acids; Exhibits; Experimental Models; Family; Fermentation; Fiber; Food; Foundations; Gas-Liquid Chromatography; Gene Expression; Hematopoietic Neoplasms; Humanities; India; Intake; Investigation; Knowledge; Lactobacillus; Lymphocyte; Lymphoma; Malignant Neoplasms; Mass Spectrum Analysis; Measures; Metabolism; Methods; Microbiology; Micronutrients; Minerals; Modeling; Newly Diagnosed; Non-Hodgkin' s Lymphoma; Nutritional; Organism; Oryza sativa; Pathology; Patients; Philippines; Phospholipids; Phytic Acid; Phytochemical; Plant Diseases; Plants; Play; Prevention; Probiotics; Property; Prospective Studies; Proteins; Publishing; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Review Literature; Rice; Risk; Rodent; Role; Solid; Source; Techniques; Testing; Tissues; Toxicology; Variant; Vitamins; bioactive food component; cancer prevention; cancer risk; catalyst; cofactor; comparative; feeding; genome sequencing; human disease; in vivo; lymph nodes; novel; oncology; pre-clinical; stoichiometry; trait; uptake

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Although epidemiologic evidence supports an inverse association between whole grain consumption and cancer risk, results are inconclusive as to the precise bioactive food components by which chemoprevention occurs. Emerging data has identified phytochemicals contained in rice bran that may reduce cancer risk; however, little is known about the concentrations and bioavailability of these chemopreventive phytochemicals in existing varieties and landraces of cultivated rice. Rice (Oryza sativa) is the primary source of dietary calories for half of humanity and is the first crop plant for which a high-quality reference genome sequence has been produced. Rice varieties that capture the impressive genotypic and phenotypic diversity of domesticated rice world-wide should be investigated for differential cancer prevention properties. Moreover, an extensive review of the literature revealed limited research aimed at exploring the role probiotics play in metabolizing rice bran. Thus, the development of an experimental model to assess the effects of rice bran-probiotic interactions on bioavailability of chemopreventive compounds to blood, lymphocytes and lymph nodes is proposed. Findings from the studies proposed herein will fill a significant gap in our knowledge regarding rice bran phytochemical diversity and bioavailability for chemoprevention. The stoichiometry of selected bioactive rice bran components with reported cancer prevention properties will be determined in three genetically diverse rice cultivars. These rice varieties will be fermented with probiotics, Lactobacillus caseii and Bifidobacteria longum, and one resident non-probiotic, Escherichia coli, in Aim 1 to determine their effect on levels of the selected metabolites. The probiotic digestion of rice bran is hypothesized to enhance bioavailability of rice bran derived chemopreventive compounds. Phytochemicals and metabolites will be detected by liquid and gas chromatography coupled with -mass spectrometry (LC-MS, GC-MS). A second aim is proposed to determine the dose of rice bran that achieves greatest bioavailability of target phytochemicals and metabolites into blood, lymphocytes and lymph nodes of naturally occurring canine lymphoma patients. This comparative oncology model is novel for assessing bioavailability of dietary rice bran components. Furthermore, it has been well established that naturally developing canine cancer exhibits greater translational potential compared to experimentally induced cancer in rodents, particularly for lymphoma. The pilot dose determination studies are feasible for testing the hypothesis that bioavailability of cancer prevention compounds from dietary whole rice bran intake varies across genetically diverse rice cultivars and by probiotic fermentation. Indeed, pre-clinical and clinical studies that evaluate the role of fiber or isolated rice bran compounds and cancer risk are conflicting, and we put forth that novel transdisciplinary scientific approaches are necessary to advance the nutritional investigation of rice bran for cancer prevention.

描述(由申请人提供)： 尽管流行病学证据支持全谷物消费与癌症风险之间的负相关，但关于化学预防发生的确切生物活性食品成分的结果并不确定。新出现的数据已经确定了米糠中含有的可能降低癌症风险的植物化学物质；然而，人们对这些化学预防植物化学物质在现有品种和栽培水稻地方品种中的浓度和生物利用度知之甚少。水稻是人类饮食卡路里的主要来源，也是第一种产生高质量参考基因组序列的农作物。在世界范围内捕捉到令人印象深刻的驯化水稻的基因类型和表型多样性的水稻品种，应该研究其不同的癌症预防特性。此外，对文献的广泛回顾显示，旨在探索益生菌在米糠代谢中所起作用的研究有限。因此，建议建立一个实验模型来评估米糠-益生菌相互作用对化学预防化合物对血液、淋巴细胞和淋巴的生物利用度的影响。本文提出的研究结果将填补我们在米糠植物化学多样性和化学预防生物有效性方面的知识空白。将在三个遗传多样性的水稻品种中确定选定的具有防癌特性的生物活性米糠组分的化学计量比。这些水稻品种将与益生菌、干酪乳杆菌和长双歧杆菌以及一种常驻的非益生菌大肠杆菌一起发酵，目的1确定它们对选定代谢物水平的影响。米糠益生菌的消化是为了提高米糠化学预防化合物的生物利用度。采用液质联用(LC-MS，GC-MS)对植物化学物质和代谢产物进行检测。第二个目标是确定在自然发生的犬淋巴瘤患者的血液、淋巴细胞和淋巴中实现最大生物利用度的目标植物化学物质和代谢物的米糠剂量。这种比较肿瘤学模型是评估膳食米糠组分的生物利用度的新方法。此外，与实验诱导的啮齿动物癌症相比，自然发生的犬癌显示出更大的翻译潜力，特别是对淋巴瘤。试验性剂量确定研究是可行的，以检验这样一种假设，即从膳食全米皮摄入的防癌化合物的生物利用度在不同的遗传多样性大米品种和益生菌发酵之间存在差异。事实上，评估纤维或分离的米皮化合物的作用与癌症风险的临床前和临床研究是相互矛盾的，我们提出，有必要采用新的跨学科科学方法来推进米皮预防癌症的营养研究。