Visual Event-Related Potentials: Comparative Electrophysiology

描述(申请人提供)：人类视觉事件相关电位(ERPs)测量视觉处理过程中各种不同的认知操作。视觉事件相关电位除了揭示健康的大脑如何将视觉输入转化为适当的反应外，在诊断和研究神经和精神病理疾病方面也是非常宝贵的。然而，事实证明，很难确切地确定哪些大脑区域产生与分配视觉注意力和监控任务绩效相关的特定ERP组件。我们建议使用人类和非人类灵长类动物直接定位视觉加工和任务执行过程中诱发的ERP成分的来源。在后者中，我们将在记录局部场电位的同时记录非侵入性事件相关电位。来自猴子和人类执行相同视觉任务的初步证据表明，人类和猕猴的ERP组件之间存在同源性，这些组件索引视觉注意部署和性能监控。通过同时研究人类和猴子，该项目将允许临床医生和健康研究人员使用非侵入性记录的人类视觉和反应诱发的ERP成分，以了解特定大脑区域是否正常运作，并开发特定疾病的动物模型。 公共卫生相关性：这项研究计划的总体目标是使用常见的电生理指标对人类和猴子进行比较研究。然后，开发技术来确定非人类灵长类动物是否表现出与用于研究人类精神和其他健康障碍的认知过程相同的事件相关电位。初步证据表明，这些潜力可能存在，目前的项目将使用人类和猴子来确定这些潜力在大脑中的哪里产生。这些方法将为卫生研究人员提供一种方法，以开发人类健康疾病的动物模型，发现潜在原因，并测试潜在的治疗方法。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Human visual event-related potentials (ERPs) measure a variety of different cognitive operations during visual processing. Visual ERPs are invaluable in diagnosing and studying neurological and psychopathological disorders in addition to revealing how the health brain turns visual inputs into appropriate responses. However, it has proven very difficult to definitively determine what brain areas generate specific ERP components related to deploying visual attention and monitoring task performance. We propose to directly locate the sources of ERP components elicited during visual processing and task performance using both humans and nonhuman primates. In the latter we will record noninvasive ERPs simultaneously with intracranial recordings of local field potentials. Preliminary evidence from monkeys and humans performing identical visual tasks demonstrates homology between human and macaque ERP components indexing visual attentional deployment and performance monitoring. By concurrently studying humans and monkeys this project will allow clinicians and health researchers to use the visually and response evoked ERP components recorded noninvasively from humans to access whether specific brain regions are functioning properly and also to develop animal models of specific disorders. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The overall goal of this research program is to perform comparative studies of humans and monkeys using common electrophysiological measures. Then, to develop techniques to determine whether nonhuman primates exhibit event-related potentials indexing the same cognitive processes as those used to study mental and other health disorders in humans. Preliminary evidence suggests these may exist and the present project will use humans and monkeys to determine where in the brain these potentials are generated. These methods will provide a way for health researchers to develop animal models of human health disorders, discover underlying causes, and test potential treatments.