Effect of signal-temporal uncertainty during childhood

童年时期信号时间不确定性的影响

• 批准号: 7930620
• 负责人: Angela Yarnell Bonino
• 金额: $ 3.04万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7930620
• 关键词: 10 year old; 13 year old; 7 year old; Acoustics; Adult; Age; Auditory; Auditory system; Child; Childhood; Complex; Cues; Data; Detection; Development; Environment; Hearing; Knowledge; Laboratories; Language Development; Light; Masks; Noise; Predisposition; Process; Psychoacoustics; Relative (related person); Research; School-Age Population; Signal Transduction; Source; Speech; Staging; Stimulus; Time; Uncertainty; Work; age group; expectation; experience; improved; interest; novel strategies; public health relevance; segregation; sound; speech recognition

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Children are more susceptible to interference from competing sounds than adults. In the laboratory, children's increased susceptibility to auditory masking is evident for both tone detection and speech recognition tasks, especially when the background maskers are complex and unpredictable. The long-term objective of this line of research is to understand how children develop the ability to hear signals in the presence of unpredictable and complex competing background sounds. The specific aims of this proposal are (1) to characterize changes in susceptibility to auditory masking across the age range of 5-13 years and (2) to determine if children can benefit from cues indicating when in time to listen for a sound of interest. The proposed studies will use both tonal and speech stimuli to determine changes in susceptibility to masking across childhood and the benefit associated with the proposed cue for both types of stimuli. The central hypothesis for the proposed research is that young children are more susceptible to masking under complex listening conditions than older children or adults, and that this increased masking can be offset by providing a cue that indicates when in time to listen for the signal. The proposed research will increase our knowledge of how children listen in natural settings where multiple and unpredictable sound sources are often present, such as classrooms. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Children are more susceptible to interference from competing sounds than adults. The proposed research will increase our knowledge of how children's susceptibility to competing sounds changes across childhood and if children can benefit from a cue that indicates when in time to listen for a sound of interest. This work is important because children learn language in natural listening environments that are noisy and unpredictable.

描述(申请人提供)：儿童比成人更容易受到竞争声音的干扰。在实验室中，无论是在音调检测还是语音识别任务中，儿童对听觉掩蔽的敏感度都明显增加，特别是当背景掩蔽是复杂和不可预测的时候。这一系列研究的长期目标是了解儿童如何在不可预测和复杂的相互竞争的背景声音中发展听到信号的能力。这项建议的具体目的是(1)表征5-13岁年龄范围内对听觉掩蔽敏感性的变化，以及(2)确定儿童是否可以从指示何时及时倾听感兴趣的声音的线索中受益。这项拟议的研究将同时使用音调和语音刺激来确定儿童对掩饰的敏感度的变化，以及建议的线索对这两种类型刺激的好处。这项拟议研究的中心假设是，在复杂的听力条件下，幼儿比年龄较大的儿童或成年人更容易受到掩蔽的影响，这种增加的掩饰可以通过提供提示来及时指示何时倾听信号来抵消。这项拟议的研究将增加我们对儿童如何在自然环境中倾听的知识，在自然环境中，经常存在多种不可预测的声源，如教室。 与公共卫生相关：儿童比成年人更容易受到竞争声音的干扰。这项拟议的研究将增加我们的知识，即儿童对竞争声音的敏感度在整个童年时期是如何变化的，以及儿童是否可以从指示何时及时倾听感兴趣的声音的提示中受益。这项工作很重要，因为孩子们在嘈杂和不可预测的自然听力环境中学习语言。