Social Contexts, Sexual Networks, and Racial-Ethnic Disparities in STDs

社会背景、性网络和性病中的种族差异

• 批准号: 7953143
• 负责人: Kate W Strully
• 金额: $ 12.9万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT ALBANY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-01 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7953143
• 关键词: Address; Adolescent; African; Age; Area; Attention; Characteristics; Communicable Diseases; Communities; Data; Diffusion; Disease; Disease Outcome; Disease Pathway; Distal; Epidemic; Ethnic Origin; Ethnic group; Gender; Grant; Health; Heterosexuals; High Prevalence; Hispanic Americans; Individual; Inequality; Infection; Infectious Disease Epidemiology; Lead; Longitudinal Surveys; Low Prevalence; Mentors; Modeling; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Pathway Analysis; Pattern; Play; Population; Probability; Process; Property; Race; Relative (related person); Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Schools; Sex Ratio; Sexual Partners; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Shapes; Simulate; Social Environment; Social Network; Social Sciences; Stratification; Structure; Testing; Time; Training; United States; Work; base; career development; contextual factors; health disparity; insight; interdisciplinary approach; programs; public health relevance; racial and ethnic; racial and ethnic disparities; research study; response; segregation; sex; sexual relationship; simulation; skills; social; socioeconomics; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The research component of this project explores how racial-ethnic segregation and inequality shape sexual networks and the spread of sexually transmitted disease (STD). Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Adolescent Health (Add Health), I will explore how racial- ethnic segregation and inequality at the school- and neighborhood-levels influence the formation of sexual partnerships. Applying parameter estimates from the Add Health to simulated sexual networks, I will then assess how sexual networks and disease diffusion may progress differently in settings with varying population compositions and patterns of racial-ethnic inequality. Informed by structural sociological theory, this research takes an interdisciplinary approach and applies testable social science hypotheses to problems of infectious disease epidemiology. Through relationships with mentors and advisors, coursework, and participation in professional seminars, the training component of this project would allow me to expand my work on health disparities to include (i) greater attention to social contexts and networks as determinants of health, and (ii) new types of contagious health outcomes. There are three career development objectives for the proposed project: (i) obtain skills and expertise in infectious disease epidemiology and network analysis; (ii) conduct original research on racial-ethnic STD disparities in the U.S.; and (iii) prepare a major grant to support an independent research program in social networks, health disparities, and infectious disease. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: There are large racial-ethnic disparities in sexually transmitted diseases in the United States. This project explores how racial-ethnic segregation and inequality across schools and neighborhoods shape the structure of sexual networks, and how differences in sexual networks may lead to different epidemic outcomes in communities with varying racial-ethnic and socioeconomic make-ups.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目的研究部分探讨了种族隔离和不平等如何影响性网络和性传播疾病（STD）的传播。我将利用全国青少年健康纵向调查（Add Health）的数据，探讨学校和社区层面的种族隔离和不平等如何影响性伙伴关系的形成。然后，我将“添加健康”的参数估计应用于模拟的性网络，然后评估性网络和疾病传播在人口构成和种族不平等模式不同的环境中如何以不同的方式进展。本研究以结构社会学理论为基础，采用跨学科方法，将可检验的社会科学假设应用于传染病流行病学问题。通过与导师和顾问的关系、课程作业以及参加专业研讨会，该项目的培训部分将使我能够扩展我在健康差异方面的工作，包括（i）更加关注作为健康决定因素的社会背景和网络，以及（ii）新型传染性健康结果。拟议项目有三个职业发展目标：（i）获得传染病流行病学和网络分析方面的技能和专业知识； (ii) 对美国的种族间性传播疾病差异进行原创研究； (iii) 准备一笔大笔赠款，支持社交网络、健康差异和传染病方面的独立研究项目。 公共卫生相关性：在美国，性传播疾病方面存在巨大的种族差异。该项目探讨了学校和社区之间的种族隔离和不平等如何塑造性网络的结构，以及性网络的差异如何在具有不同种族、民族和社会经济构成的社区中导致不同的流行病结果。