Nanosensor device for the detection of H. Pylori and prevention of gastric cancer

描述(由申请人提供)：我们建议开发一种新的幽门螺杆菌诊断方法。幽门螺杆菌的诊断是医学上的高度优先事项，因为：这种细菌感染了大约50%的世界人口；导致消化性溃疡疾病、胃癌、一种淋巴瘤(MALToma)和可能的几种其他疾病；可以用抗生素治疗，但如果不根除这种细菌，患者仍有严重并发症的风险。在幽门螺杆菌的众多诊断试验中，尿素呼气试验(UBT)是最好的，它操作简单，无创，具有良好的敏感性和特异度，可以诊断当前的感染。它是基于幽门螺杆菌利用其酶尿素酶将尿素转化为二氧化碳和氨的能力。UBT的当前实施例使用13C-尿素并检测呼气中标记的二氧化碳。目前的UBT没有得到广泛的使用，因为它们成本很高，而且在护理点不能获得。我们建议开发一种简单的UBT，以未标记尿素为底物，在一个非常简单的装置中结合一个纳米传感器来检测呼气中的氨。我们的初步工作充分支持了我们方法的可行性。我们的具体目标是1)使用我们的传感器对患者进行UBTS以检测NH3，以及2)开发一种便携式呼吸分析仪，用于基于对人体呼气中NH3的检测来检测幽门螺杆菌。拟议的UBT将是简单、廉价、非侵入性的，并且可以在护理点使用。这将为幽门螺杆菌的诊断和疗效监测提供一种简便易行的仪器。 公共卫生相关性：我们建议开发一种简单易用、价格低廉的护理设备，以快速诊断幽门螺杆菌感染。这种微生物感染了大约50%的世界人口，并导致消化性溃疡。它也与胃癌的发生有关。该设备对公众健康的影响将是立竿见影的。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We propose to develop a novel method for the diagnosis of Helicobacter Pylori. The diagnosis of H. Pylori is a high medical priority because: this bacterium infects approximately 50% of the world's population; causes peptic ulcer disease, gastric cancer, a form of lymphoma (MALToma) and likely several other diseases; and is treatable with antibiotics, but if this organism is not eradicated, patients remain at risk for serious complications. Of the many diagnostic tests for H Pylori, the urea breath test (UBT) is the best: it is simple, noninvasive, has excellent sensitivity and specificity and can diagnose current infection. It is based on the ability of H pylori to convert urea to CO2 and ammonia using its enzyme urease. Current embodiments of UBT employ 13C-urea and detect labeled CO2 in breath. Current UBTs are not extensively used because they are costly and not available at the point-of-care. We propose to develop a simple UBT using as substrate unlabeled urea and detecting ammonia in breath with a nanosensor incorporated in a very simple device. Our preliminary work fully supports the feasibility of our approach. Our specific aims are to 1) Perform UBTs in patients using our sensor to determine NH3, and 2) Develop a portable breath analyzer for the detection of H. pylori based on the determination of NH3 in human breath. The proposed UBT will be simple, inexpensive, noninvasive and available at the point-of care. Thus it will make widely available a simple device for the diagnosis of H pylori and the monitoring of treatment efficacy. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: We propose to develop a simple-to-use, inexpensive and point of care device to rapidly diagnose infection with Helicobacter pylori. This organism infects approximately 50% of the world's population and causes peptic ulcer. It has also been associated with the development of gastric cancer. The device's impact on public health will be immediate and major.