Optomechanical Characteristics of Lens Accommodation

描述（由申请人提供）：该延续项目是根据PA-10-009（生物工程研究资助）提交的，其目标是开发新技术并产生新知识，以加速治疗老花眼的植入物和手术方法的发展。该项目解决了两个关键的障碍：a)需要测量适应性反应的仪器和技术，并适用于临床和客观评估恢复适应性的技术；b)需要提高我们对老花原因的理解，并发现恢复适应性的最有效策略。该项目有三个具体目标：目标1：开发技术，同时量化人眼的光学和机械体内调节反应。光学相干断层扫描系统、动态像差计、调节刺激和图像处理软件将被开发并集成到一个组合成像和生物测量系统中，该系统将允许同时测量眼轴长度、晶状体形状、晶状体内部结构、睫状肌几何形状以及单眼调节刺激下的眼睛屈光和像差。目的2：表征晶状体和睫状肌的光学和解剖学变化的年龄依赖性。Aim 1中开发的系统将用于表征调节诱导的外透镜和核透镜曲率动态变化的年龄依赖性；透镜厚度和功率；核厚度和功率；还有睫状肌的几何形状。将收集200名年龄在16岁至66岁之间的人类受试者的数据。结果将用于量化晶状体和睫状肌的贡献，以适应损失随着年龄的增长。目的3：比较标准人工晶状体和调节人工晶状体植入受试者的假晶状体调节反应。Aim 1中开发的系统将用于测量和比较在植入标准单焦点人工晶体和植入可调节人工晶体的受试者中睫状肌几何形状、人工晶体位置和眼球屈光度的调节引起的变化。该结果将用于识别控制人工晶状体受试者近视功能的参数。该项目将对老花眼研究领域产生广泛影响。它将产生新的技术来量化眼调节反应和评估恢复调节的程序的有效性。它将产生关于老花眼原因的新知识，并确定控制人工晶状体眼睛近视力功能的参数。所获得的知识将为开发和优化旨在恢复适应性的新程序和植入物奠定良好的生理基础。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this continuation project, submitted in response to PA-10-009 (Bioengineering Research Grants), is to develop new technology and to generate new knowledge that will accelerate the development of implants and surgical approaches to treat presbyopia. The project addresses two critical barriers: a) the need for instruments and techniques that measure the accommodative response and are suitable for clinical and objective evaluation of techniques to restore accommodation and b) the need to advance our understanding of the causes of presbyopia and discover the most effective strategies for restoration of accommodation. The project has three specific aims: Aim 1: To develop technology to simultaneously quantify the optical and mechanical in vivo accommodative response of the human eye. Optical coherence tomography systems, a dynamic aberrometer, an accommodation stimulus, and image processing software will be developed and integrated into a combined imaging and biometry system that will allow simultaneous measurement of the axial eye length, lens shape, lens internal structure, ciliary muscle geometry, and ocular refraction and aberrations in response to monocular accommodative stimuli. Aim 2: To characterize the age-dependence of the optical and anatomical changes in the lens and ciliary muscle with accommodation. The system developed in Aim 1 will be used to characterize the age-dependence of the accommodation-induced dynamic changes in outer and nuclear lens curvature; lens thickness and power; nuclear thickness and power; and ciliary muscle geometry. Data will be acquired on 200 human subjects from age 16 to 66. The results will be used to quantify the contribution of the lens and ciliary muscle to the loss of accommodation with age. Aim 3: To compare the pseudophakic accommodative response in subjects implanted with standard and accommodating intraocular lenses. The system developed in Aim 1 will be used to measure and compare the accommodation-induced changes in ciliary muscle geometry, intraocular lens position and ocular refraction in subjects implanted with standard monofocal intraocular lenses and subjects implanted with accommodating intraocular lenses. The results will be used to identify the parameters that govern near visual function in subjects with intraocular lenses. The project will have a broad impact on the field of presbyopia research. It will produce new technology to quantify the ocular accommodative response and evaluate the efficacy of procedures to restore accommodation. It will generate new knowledge on the causes of presbyopia and identify parameters that govern near-visual function in eyes with intraocular lenses. The knowledge gained will form a sound physiological basis for the development and optimization of new procedures and implants designed to restore accommodation.