Optomechanical Characteristics of Lens Accommodation

描述(由申请人提供)：这个延续项目的目标是响应PA-10-009(生物工程研究资助)提交的，旨在开发新技术和产生新知识，以加速植入物和手术方法的发展，以治疗老花眼。该项目解决了两个关键障碍：a)需要测量调节反应的仪器和技术，并适用于临床和客观地评估恢复调节的技术；b)需要增进我们对老花眼原因的了解，并找到最有效的恢复调节的策略。该项目有三个具体目标：目标1：开发同时量化人眼在体内的光学和机械调节反应的技术。将开发光学相干断层扫描系统、动态像差计、调节刺激器和图像处理软件，并将其集成到一个综合成像和生物测量系统中，该系统将允许同时测量轴眼长度、晶状体形状、晶状体内部结构、睫状肌几何形状以及单眼调节刺激下的眼睛折射和像差。目的2：研究具有调节功能的晶状体和睫状肌的光学和解剖学变化与年龄的相关性。在目标1中开发的系统将用于表征调节引起的外晶状体和核晶状体曲率、晶状体厚度和屈光度、核厚度和屈光度以及睫状肌几何形状随年龄的动态变化。从16岁到66岁的200名受试者的数据将被采集。这一结果将被用来量化晶状体和睫状肌对随着年龄的增长而失去调节能力的贡献。目的3：比较植入标准人工晶状体和可调节人工晶状体受试者的人工晶状体调节反应。在Aim 1中开发的系统将用于测量和比较植入标准单焦点人工晶状体的受试者和植入调节性人工晶状体的受试者的调节诱导的睫状肌几何形状、人工晶状体位置和眼屈光的变化。研究结果将被用来确定控制人工晶状体受试者近视功能的参数。该项目将对老花眼研究领域产生广泛影响。它将产生新的技术来量化眼睛的调节反应，并评估恢复调节的程序的有效性。它将产生关于老花眼病因的新知识，并确定控制人工晶状体眼近视功能的参数。所获得的知识将为开发和优化旨在恢复适应能力的新程序和植入物奠定良好的生理学基础。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this continuation project, submitted in response to PA-10-009 (Bioengineering Research Grants), is to develop new technology and to generate new knowledge that will accelerate the development of implants and surgical approaches to treat presbyopia. The project addresses two critical barriers: a) the need for instruments and techniques that measure the accommodative response and are suitable for clinical and objective evaluation of techniques to restore accommodation and b) the need to advance our understanding of the causes of presbyopia and discover the most effective strategies for restoration of accommodation. The project has three specific aims: Aim 1: To develop technology to simultaneously quantify the optical and mechanical in vivo accommodative response of the human eye. Optical coherence tomography systems, a dynamic aberrometer, an accommodation stimulus, and image processing software will be developed and integrated into a combined imaging and biometry system that will allow simultaneous measurement of the axial eye length, lens shape, lens internal structure, ciliary muscle geometry, and ocular refraction and aberrations in response to monocular accommodative stimuli. Aim 2: To characterize the age-dependence of the optical and anatomical changes in the lens and ciliary muscle with accommodation. The system developed in Aim 1 will be used to characterize the age-dependence of the accommodation-induced dynamic changes in outer and nuclear lens curvature; lens thickness and power; nuclear thickness and power; and ciliary muscle geometry. Data will be acquired on 200 human subjects from age 16 to 66. The results will be used to quantify the contribution of the lens and ciliary muscle to the loss of accommodation with age. Aim 3: To compare the pseudophakic accommodative response in subjects implanted with standard and accommodating intraocular lenses. The system developed in Aim 1 will be used to measure and compare the accommodation-induced changes in ciliary muscle geometry, intraocular lens position and ocular refraction in subjects implanted with standard monofocal intraocular lenses and subjects implanted with accommodating intraocular lenses. The results will be used to identify the parameters that govern near visual function in subjects with intraocular lenses. The project will have a broad impact on the field of presbyopia research. It will produce new technology to quantify the ocular accommodative response and evaluate the efficacy of procedures to restore accommodation. It will generate new knowledge on the causes of presbyopia and identify parameters that govern near-visual function in eyes with intraocular lenses. The knowledge gained will form a sound physiological basis for the development and optimization of new procedures and implants designed to restore accommodation.