Medical Marijuana, Emerging Adults, and Community: Connecting Health and Policy

医用大麻、新兴成年人和社区：连接健康和政策

• 批准号: 9793996
• 负责人: Stephen E Lankenau
• 金额: $ 82.52万
• 依托单位: DREXEL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-07-01 至 2023-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9793996
• 关键词: 20 year old; Address; Adult; Age; Area; Attitude; Benefits and Risks; California; Chronic; Communities; Community Health; Consumption; Data; Disease; Drug usage; Enrollment; Environment; Frequencies; Funding; Goals; Health; Health Policy; Individual; Interruption; Interview; Laws; Lead; Legal; Location; Longitudinal Studies; Los Angeles; Marijuana; Medical; Medical Marijuana; Mission; Parents; Participant; Patients; Pattern; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Policies; Psyche structure; Public Health; Public Policy; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Risk Behaviors; Schedule; Scientific Advances and Accomplishments; Series; Testing; Time; United States National Institutes of Health; aged; base; cohort; comparative; design; driving under influence; drug modification; drugged driving; emerging adult; improved; innovation; marijuana legalization; marijuana use; marijuana user; member; recruit; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The rising number of individuals with legal access to marijuana for medical and/or recreational use is arguably the most profound change in drug policy in the past 20 years given the potential impact on public health. California, one of 28 states that authorized marijuana for medical use since 1996, became the eighth medical marijuana state to legalize marijuana for recreational use following the passage of the Adult Use of Marijuana Act (AUMA) in 2016. No research has studied the real-time transition from a medical to a recreational environment and its impact on young adult marijuana users since states began legalizing marijuana for recreational use in 2012. Furthermore, no study has examined the impact of legalization for recreational use on 18 to 20 year olds – a group eligible for medical use but prohibited from recreational use in all legal states. Our long-term goal in this renewal of a current R01 is to inform public policy with findings on safer and controlled use of marijuana among young adults in an environment where marijuana is legal for recreational use. Our objective here is to determine the impact of legalization on young adult marijuana users (18 to 30 year olds) by continuing the study of a cohort of young adults – 210 medical marijuana patients (MMP), 156 non-patient marijuana users (NPU) - recruited in Los Angeles, CA in 2014-15 while also enrolling a new cohort of 150 18 to 20 year old marijuana users. Our central hypothesis is that legalizing marijuana for recreational use will result in increased marijuana use, other drug use, and risk behaviors among young adults, but this increase will vary by patient status (MMP vs. NPU) and orientation towards marijuana use, i.e., medicinal vs. recreational. Our rationale for the proposed research is that renewing a current R01 will offer the unique opportunity to: analyze marijuana use, other drug use, and risk behaviors on a cohort of young adult marijuana users continuously collected both before and after legalization in California; and recruit a new underage cohort of marijuana users for comparative purposes. Guided by preliminary data from the current R01, the central hypothesis will be tested by pursuing three specific aims: 1) Determine the impact of marijuana legalization on trajectories of marijuana use, including high-potency forms, e.g., dabs, edibles, among MMP and NPU (aged 21 to 30); 2) Determine the impact of marijuana legalization on patterns of other drug use and risk behaviors among medicinal and recreational users (aged 21 to 30); and 3) Determine the impact of marijuana legalization on attitudes and patterns of marijuana use among a newly recruited cohort of underage young adults (aged 18 to 20). The approach is innovative because it uses an interrupted time series design to study the effects of legalizing marijuana on young adults, includes both legal and non-legal recreational users, and includes medicinal orientation of marijuana use among recreational users in a fully legal context. The proposed research is significant since the public health impact of legalizing marijuana for recreational use among young adults is unknown.

项目概要/摘要 合法获取大麻用于医疗和/或娱乐用途的人数不断增加 考虑到对公众的潜在影响，这可以说是过去 20 年来毒品政策最深刻的变化 健康。加利福尼亚州是自 1996 年以来授权大麻用于医疗用途的 28 个州之一，成为第八个州 成人使用法案通过后，医用大麻州将娱乐用大麻合法化 2016 年大麻法案 (AUMA)。没有研究研究过从医疗到大麻的实时转变 自各州开始合法化以来的娱乐环境及其对年轻成年大麻使用者的影响 2012 年，大麻用于娱乐用途。此外，没有研究考察大麻合法化对娱乐用途的影响。 18 至 20 岁青少年的娱乐用途——符合医疗用途但禁止娱乐用途的群体 在所有合法国家。我们更新当前 R01 的长期目标是通过调查结果为公共政策提供信息 关于在大麻合法的环境中年轻人更安全、受控地使用大麻 用于娱乐用途。我们的目标是确定合法化对青少年大麻的影响 通过继续对一群年轻人进行研究 – 210 种医用大麻来吸引使用者（18 至 30 岁） 患者 (MMP)、156 名非患者大麻使用者 (NPU) - 2014-15 年在加利福尼亚州洛杉矶招募 还招募了 150 名 18 至 20 岁大麻使用者的新群体。我们的中心假设是 娱乐用大麻合法化将导致大麻使用、其他药物使用和风险增加 年轻人的行为，但这种增加会因患者状态（MMP 与 NPU）和取向而异 大麻的使用，即药用与娱乐。我们提出研究的理由是 更新当前的 R01 将提供独特的机会： 分析大麻使用、其他药物使用和风险 连续收集年轻成年大麻使用者前后的行为 加利福尼亚州合法化；并招募一批新的未成年大麻使用者进行比较。 以当前 R01 的初步数据为指导，中心假设将通过追求三个 具体目标： 1) 确定大麻合法化对大麻使用轨迹的影响，包括 MMP 和 NPU 中的高效形式，例如涂抹剂、食用剂（21 至 30 岁）； 2) 确定影响 大麻合法化对其他药物使用模式以及医疗和娱乐中的危险行为的影响 用户（21岁至30岁）； 3) 确定大麻合法化对人们态度和模式的影响 新招募的未成年年轻人（18 至 20 岁）群体中吸食大麻的情况。方法是 创新之处在于它使用中断时间序列设计来研究大麻合法化对人的影响 年轻人，包括合法和非合法的娱乐使用者，并包括医疗取向 娱乐使用者在完全合法的情况下使用大麻。拟议的研究意义重大，因为 年轻人娱乐用大麻合法化对公共健康的影响尚不清楚。