TMS of the Supramarginal Gyrus: A WIndow To Spatial Orientation

超边缘回的 TMS：空间定向的窗口

• 批准号: 8764785
• 负责人: Amir Kheradmand
• 金额: $ 22.13万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-07-15 至 2019-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8764785
• 关键词: Accounting; Achievement; Address; Area; Bayesian Analysis; Bayesian Modeling; Biomedical Engineering; Body Image; Brain; Cerebral cortex; Chronic; Clinic; Clinical; Columbidae; Data; Data Analyses; Disabled Persons; Disorientation; Dizziness; Doctor of Medicine; Ear; Environment; Equilibrium; Equipment; Exposure to; Eye; Eye Movements; Feeling; Force of Gravity; General Practices; Goals; Grant; Head; Healthcare; Hearing; Hospitals; Human; Individual; Institution; Investigation; K-Series Research Career Programs; Knowledge; Laboratories; Learning; Left; Magnetism; Massachusetts; Measures; Medical; Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award; Mentors; Mentorship; Modality; Modeling; Motion; Motor; Neurology; Otolaryngology; Parietal Lobe; Patients; Perception; Physiology; Play; Postdoctoral Fellow; Process; Proprioception; Psychophysics; Relative (related person); Reliance; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Residencies; Retina; Role; Science; Sensory; Sensory Process; Series; Shoulder; Software Engineering; Source; Space Perception; Stimulus; Structure of supramarginal gyrus; Symptoms; System; Techniques; Training; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; Translational Research; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Update; Vestibular Diseases; Vision; Visit; Visual; Work; base; design; experience; falls; healthy volunteer; information processing; multisensory; neurophysiology; novel strategies; otoconia; professor; public health relevance; research study; response; sensor; treatment strategy; visual stimulus; visual-vestibular

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is a resubmitted application for Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award (K23). The overall goal of this research is to understand how we perceive body orientation relative to our external environment, and how these perceptions become distorted and disorienting to patients with vestibular disease. The vestibular system provides a strong independent source of information about head orientation relative to gravity and plays a key role in spatial orientation. In humans, the function(s) of the many areas of the cerebral cortex that have access to and process information from the vestibular system are largely unknown. This project is based on a compelling preliminary finding that shows a small region of parietal cortex (SMGp) plays a central role in the accurate perception of one's sense of upright. This result suggests a more general function for this area; taking disparate information from visual, vestibular and proprioceptive sensors, which are inherently received and processed in different coordinate frames, and then integrating them into a coherent spatial orientation. Such a mechanism is an absolute requirement for successful motor responses to the changing demands of one's environment. The specific aims of this research project are to 1) study further the functional role of the SMGp in spatial orientation by systematic approach to different sensory modalities that contribute to upright perception ( i.e., using a functional model of spatial orientation) 2) probe the function of the corresponding area within the left hemisphere in upright perception 3) address whether the focal effect of TMS can modify perceptual adaptation of the sense of uprightness, as a potential treatment modality. Candidate: Amir Kheradmand is shortly to be an Assistant Professor in the Departments of Neurology and Otolaryngology at the Johns Hopkins Hospital. He earned an M.D. at the Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2003 and completed residency training in Neurology at the University of Massachusetts in 2010. As a two-year postdoctoral fellow he has been studying the mechanisms involved in perception of upright with the emphasis on the functional role of the cerebral cortex in processing of inputs from the vestibular system. This work has been primarily under the mentorship of Dr. Zee and it was supported by an NIH training grant through the Johns Hopkins Center for Hearing and Balance and the Department of Biomedical Engineering. Dr. Kheradmand's short term goals in research are to 1) learn techniques for experiment design and data analysis in the psychophysics of perception, 2) learn Bayesian statistics, analysis and modeling to apply to the functional model of spatial orientation, and 3) gain more practical knowledge in using transcranial magnetic stimulation, and in the clinic, to gain experience in the neurophysiological techniques of clinical neurotology. His long term goal is to become an independent investigator in the field of vestibular perception and accomplished academic neurotologist. Environment: The investigations described in this proposal will be performed in the Vestibular/Eye Movement Laboratory, directed by Dr. Zee, in the Neurology Department at Johns Hopkins Hospital. A team of mentors and advisers (Dr. David Zee, Dr. Mark Shelhamer, Dr. John Carey, Dr. Pablo Celnik, and Dr. Dora Angelaki) from across departments and institutions will provide mentorship and oversee timely achievement of the stated goals in this proposal. All mentors are leaders in their respective fields and have a strong track record of mentoring young investigators to independence. Necessary equipment, software and engineering support are readily available to Dr. Kheradmand through the Vestibular/Eye Movement Laboratory. Research: The series of hypotheses and experiments proposed in this project provide a unique opportunity not only to explore how the brain creates the fundamental perception of upright, but also to suggest treatments for the disabling symptoms in patients with dizziness, imbalance and spatial disorientation. Through the research experience acquired by this work, intensive mentoring, and didactic activities, this K23 career development award will allow the primary investigator, Dr. Amir Kheradmand, to become an independent investigator conducting translational research in the field of vestibular physiology.

描述（由申请人提供）：这是一个重新提交的申请辅导患者为导向的研究职业发展奖（K23）。本研究的总体目标是了解我们如何感知相对于外部环境的身体方向，以及这些感知如何对前庭疾病患者产生扭曲和迷失方向。前庭系统提供了一个强大的独立的信息来源，头部方向相对于重力，并在空间定位中起着关键作用。在人类中，大脑皮层的许多区域的功能（多个）可以访问和处理来自前庭系统的信息，这在很大程度上是未知的。这个项目是基于一个令人信服的初步发现，表明顶叶皮层（SMGp）的一个小区域在一个人的直立感的准确感知中起着核心作用。这一结果表明该区域具有更普遍的功能;从视觉，前庭和本体感受传感器获取不同的信息，这些信息在不同的坐标系中固有地接收和处理，然后将它们整合到一个连贯的空间方向中。这种机制是成功的运动响应一个人的环境不断变化的需求的绝对要求。本研究项目的具体目的是：1）通过系统研究有助于直立感知的不同感觉方式（即，使用空间定向的功能模型）2）探测左半球内的相应区域在直立感知中的功能3）作为潜在的治疗方式，解决TMS的聚焦效应是否可以改变直立感的感知适应。候选人：阿米尔·赫拉曼德不久将成为约翰霍普金斯医院神经科和耳鼻喉科的助理教授。他获得了医学博士学位。2003年在德黑兰医科大学完成住院医师培训，2010年在马萨诸塞州大学完成神经病学培训。作为一名为期两年的博士后研究员，他一直在研究直立感知的机制，重点是大脑皮层在处理前庭系统输入中的功能作用。这项工作主要是在Zee博士的指导下进行的，并通过约翰霍普金斯听力和平衡中心和生物医学工程系得到了NIH培训补助金的支持。Kheradmand博士的短期研究目标是：1）学习感知心理物理学中的实验设计和数据分析技术，2）学习贝叶斯统计，分析和建模，以应用于空间定位的功能模型，3）获得更多的经颅磁刺激实用知识，并在临床上获得临床神经耳病学神经生理学技术的经验。他的长期目标是成为前庭感知领域的独立研究者和有成就的学术神经学家。工作环境：本提案中描述的研究将在约翰霍普金斯医院神经科的前庭/眼动实验室进行，由Zee博士指导。来自各部门和机构的导师和顾问团队（大卫泽博士、马克谢尔哈默博士、约翰凯里博士、巴勃罗塞尔尼克博士和多拉安吉拉基博士）将提供指导，并监督及时实现本提案中规定的目标。所有导师都是各自领域的领导者，在指导年轻调查人员独立方面有着良好的记录。通过前庭/眼动实验室，Kheradmand博士随时可以获得必要的设备、软件和工程支持。研究：该项目中提出的一系列假设和实验提供了一个独特的机会，不仅可以探索大脑如何产生直立的基本感知，还可以为头晕、不平衡和空间定向障碍患者的致残症状提供治疗建议。通过这项工作获得的研究经验，密集的指导和教学活动，这个K23职业发展奖将使主要研究者Amir Kheradmand博士成为一名独立的研究者，在前庭生理学领域进行转化研究。