Cigarette packaging: design, cognition, and consumer choices

卷烟包装：设计、认知和消费者选择

• 批准号: 9230635
• 负责人: Joseph G. L Lee
• 金额: $ 11.06万
• 依托单位: EAST CAROLINA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-22 至 2018-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9230635
• 关键词: Address; Adolescent; Adult; Affective; Cancer Etiology; Cessation of life; Characteristics; Cigarette; Cognition; Cognitive; Color; Consumption; Descriptor; Disease; Elements; Equilibrium; Eye; Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act; Focus Groups; Foundations; General Population; Goals; Industry; Label; Lead; Lesbian Gay Bisexual; Link; Literature; Low income; Manufacturer Name; Marketing; Methods; Mission; Modeling; Modification; Morbidity - disease rate; Participant; Pattern; Peer Review; Perception; Population; Process; Product Labeling; Product Packaging; Public Health; Regulation; Research; Research Priority; Risk; Role; Science; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Shapes; Smoker; Strawberries; Taste Perception; Testing; Thinking; Tobacco; Tobacco Industry; Tobacco use; Tobacco-Related Carcinoma; United States Food and Drug Administration; Variant; Visual; Woman; Youth; abstracting; base; cigarette smoking; consumer behavior; design; disability; evidence base; experience; innovation; mortality; non-smoker; pattern perception; population health; prevent; research study; transgender

Project Summary/Abstract Tobacco products have been subject to relatively little regulation historically and remain a leading cause of cancer. Under the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act of 2009 (FSPTCA), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is required to assess changes to regulated tobacco product packaging for impacts on population health. Thus, a product with a labeling change that makes it distinct from previous products is required to undergo a pre-market review process. There is little evidence, however, from the U.S. regulatory context about what constitutes a new product and which changes to a pack would matter. As public health regulators receive decreasing judicial deference while facing increased scrutiny from industry, regulations with a strong scientific foundation are critical to advance the FDA's mission. This research first investigates U.S. adult smoker perceptions of cigarette packaging changes using online, synchronous focus groups. The findings of these groups inform two experimental aims conducted with separate groups of U.S. adult smokers. In the first, a balanced incomplete block design (BIBD) and multidimensional scaling assess which changes to pack labeling identified in the qualitative aim are most associated with being a new, distinct product in the eyes of smokers. In the second, a BIBD is used to assess the influence of these labeling changes on cognitive and affective determinants of consumer behavior. This project uses a conceptual model from the product design literature that links visual packaging changes to consumer behavior. The implications of this research are important to the scientific evidence related to pre-market review. The ultimate goal of this research is to provide a scientific evidence base to prevent cancers and tobacco-related disease, disability, and death.

项目摘要/摘要 从历史上看，烟草产品受到的监管相对较少，仍然是导致 癌症。根据2009年《家庭吸烟预防和烟草控制法》(FSPTCA)，食品和药物 美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)需要评估受监管的烟草产品包装的变化对 人口健康。因此，标签更改使其与以前的产品不同的产品是 需要接受上市前审查程序。然而，美国监管机构几乎没有证据表明 关于什么构成新产品以及对包进行哪些更改的背景将很重要。作为公共卫生 监管机构受到的司法尊重越来越少，同时面临着来自行业的更严格的审查，法规 强大的科学基础对于推进FDA的使命至关重要。这项研究首先调查了美国 成年吸烟者通过在线同步焦点小组了解香烟包装的变化。这个 这些组织的发现为在不同的美国成年吸烟者群体中进行的两个实验目标提供了依据。 首先，平衡不完全区组设计(BIBD)和多维尺度评估哪些变化 在定性目标中确定的包装标签与眼睛中的新的、独特的产品最相关 吸烟者。在第二个实验中，BIBD被用来评估这些标记变化对认知和 消费者行为的情感决定因素。本项目使用产品设计中的概念模型 将视觉包装变化与消费者行为联系起来的文献。这项研究的意义在于 对与上市前审查相关的科学证据很重要。这项研究的最终目标是提供 预防癌症和烟草相关疾病、残疾和死亡的科学证据基础。