Intervention to Promote Healthy Behaviors in Homeless Youth

促进无家可归青少年健康行为的干预措施

• 批准号: 9251835
• 负责人: DONNA LYNN REW
• 金额: $ 52.49万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-04-01 至 2020-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9251835
• 关键词: AIDS/HIV problem; Address; Affective; Age; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcoholism; Analysis of Covariance; Area; Behavior; Behavioral; Capital; Cellular Phone; Characteristics; Cognitive; Communication; Data; Development; Distal; Drops; Drug usage; Effectiveness; Effectiveness of Interventions; Electronic Mail; Equation; Feasibility Studies; Fright; Future; Geographic Locations; Geography; Goals; HIV; HIV risk; Health; Health Care Costs; Health behavior; Healthcare; Homeless Youth; Homelessness; Human; Image; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Lead; Life; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Modeling; Outcome; Participant; Population; Preventive Intervention; Public Health; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Trials; Recording of previous events; Recruitment Activity; Research Project Grants; Resources; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Safe Sex; Sampling; Self Efficacy; Self-Examination; Services; Sex Behavior; Sex Orientation; Sexual abuse; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Site; Social Work; Societies; Substance abuse problem; Technology; Testing; Time; United States Public Health Service; Youth; addiction; austin; base; behavioral health; behavioral outcome; brief intervention; condoms; cost; design; ethnic difference; ethnic minority population; follow-up; gratitude; group intervention; healthy lifestyle; high risk sexual behavior; housing instability; image reconstruction; improved; member; motivational enhancement therapy; novel; optimism; peer; post intervention; prevent; psychologic; public health relevance; racial and ethnic; resilience; response; satisfaction; service utilization; sex; sex risk; sexual minority; skills; social; statistics; theories; therapy design

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Homeless youths, ages 18-23 years, are extremely vulnerable to poor health outcomes related particularly to substance use and sexual behaviors; adverse health outcomes include substance abuse and HIV/AIDs, often in combination. Although these youths' lives are characteristically unpredictable and the future looks bleak to them and to the larger society, they also have inherent strengths such as optimism, hope, self-efficacy, resilience, and gratitude that represent some of their psychological capital. Psychological capital has been shown to be a strong motivator of behavior. To date very few theory-driven strengths-based interventions have been developed and tested in this population in settings where they drop-in to seek health and human services. The specific aims of this application are to (1) determine the effectiveness of a self-reflective preventive intervention to promote responsible substance use and safe sex behaviors (prevent HIV/AIDS) in homeless youths, ages18-23 years; (2) determine whether psychological capital factors mediate the relationship between background risk factors (sexual orientation, duration of homelessness, sex abuse history, history of substance use, past sexual risk behaviors, and service utilization) and improved proximal outcomes (self-efficacy and intentions) and distal outcomes (responsible substance use, safer sex, life satisfaction); (3) determine the effect of pre-testing on interventin proximal outcomes (immediately following intervention) and distal outcomes (at an interval of 3 and 6 months following intervention); and an exploratory aim (4) to explore general and specific differences in proximal and distal outcomes of the intervention between participants in two geographically different sites (Austin, TX and Columbus, OH). We will recruit a total of 600 homeless youths from 2 drop-in centers in 2 geographic areas of the central US: Austin, TX and Columbus, OH. Using a Solomon four-group design with repeated measures, we will conduct a randomized controlled trial of a brief possible selves intervention (PSI) consisting of 6 brief individualized sessions that focus on generating images of one's possible self as feared or as best. Intervention participants will also receive weekly electronic messages to encourage them to move toward a goal of becoming their best possible self. Quantitative data will be collected before, immediately after the intervention, and at intervals of 3 and 6 months following intervention to test hypotheses about the effectiveness of the intervention on health behaviors and life satisfaction as well as the effects of pre-testing on these outcomes using structural equation modeling and ANCOVA statistics. The findings are expected to have a public health impact on further development of individualized services to promote healthy behaviors, healthy lifestyles and life satisfaction for vulnerable youths.

 描述（由适用提供）：18-23岁的无家可归年轻人极易受到与药物使用和性行为有关的健康状况不佳的影响；不利的健康状况包括滥用药物和艾滋病毒/艾滋病。尽管这些年轻人的生活特征是不可预测的，而对他们和更大的社会的未来看起来也黯淡，但他们也具有继承的优势，例如乐观，希望，自我效能，韧性，韧性和感激之情，代表了他们的某些心理资本。心理资本已被证明是行为的强大动力。迄今为止，很少有基于理论驱动的优势的干预措施在这些人群中在寻求健康和人类服务的情况下开发和测试。本应用的具体目的是（1）确定自我反射性干预措施的有效性，以促进负责的物质使用和安全的性行为（预防艾滋病毒/艾滋病），年龄在18-23岁的无家可归年轻人中； （2）确定心理资本因素是否介导了背景风险因素（性取向，无家可归的持续时间，性虐待历史，使用物质的历史，过去的性风险行为和服务利用）以及改善的近端结果（自我效能和意图）和远端远处（负责药物，负责药物使用，安全，生活，性别，性别，满意）； （3）确定预测试对干预近端结局（干预后立即）和远端结果（干预后3和6个月间隔）的影响；以及一个探索性目的（4），探索参与者在两个地理位置不同地点（奥斯汀，德克萨斯州和俄亥俄州哥伦布）中参与者之间干预的近端和远端结果的一般和特定差异。我们将招募美国中部2个地理区域的2个倒入中心的600名无家可归的年轻人：奥斯汀，德克萨斯州和俄亥俄州哥伦布。使用带有重复措施的所罗门四组设计，我们将对短暂的自我干预（PSI）进行随机对照试验，该试验由6个简短的个性化会话组成，专注于生成一个可能的自我图像作为假或最佳的图像。干预参与者还将收到每周的电子信息，以鼓励他们朝着成为最好的自我的目标。干预后，在干预后立即，在3和6个月的间隔之前收集定量数据，以测试有关干预措施对健康行为和生活满意度的有效性的假设，以及使用结构等价模型和ANCOVA统计数据对这些结果的影响。预计这些发现将对个性化服务的进一步发展产生公共卫生的影响，以促进健康的行为，健康的生活方式和对弱势青年的生活满意度。