The Effects of Job Loss on Health over Two Decades

项目摘要 失业是一种负面事件，可能对个人健康产生不利影响。虽然 大量的文献表明，失业与健康状况较差有关， 工作充满了因果关系和内在性的问题。该研究采用了一种特定的 和独特的情况下，在中国的失业，以扩大文献的因果影响，失业， 健康--中国国有企业中政府推动的裁员。因为 国有企业裁员大多是由外生政策变化引起的，而不是由个人决定的 业绩或市场竞争，这种情况下提供了一个更外生的情况比一般 裁员的因果效应。我们将使用两个相互补充的数据集 - 一个跨越二十多年的纵向数据集（中国健康与营养调查 （CHNS）1993-2015），以及最近的回顾性生活史调查数据集（中国健康， 退休纵向研究（CHARLS）2011-2018）进行分析。该项目具有重要意义， 它提高了我们对失业对健康的短期和长期影响的理解， 这种关系的机制，以及这种影响如何因性别，家庭环境， 职业声望和个人教育水平。此外，它将确定职业生涯 阶段和经济背景，进一步受害的失业者。通过识别那些 是受失业打击最严重的地区，这项研究将有助于政策制定者有效地缓冲不利影响。 失业对未来健康的影响。这一点在当代社会尤为重要 工作稳定性一直在下降。我们也将是第一批审查长期 失业对老年痴呆症的影响

Project Summary Job loss is a negative event that may have detrimental effects on individual health. While there is a large body of literature showing that job loss is associated with poorer health, this body of work is fraught with issues of causality and endogeneity. The proposed study uses a specific and unique case of job loss in China to extend the literature on causal effects of job loss on health – government-driven layoffs in state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in China. Because the SOE layoffs are mostly induced by exogenous policy change, and not dictated by personal performance or market competitions, this case provides a more exogenous case than general layoffs in examining the causal effect. We will employ two datasets that complement each other – a longitudinal dataset that spans over two decades (China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) 1993-2015), and a recent dataset with a retrospective life history survey (China Health, Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2011-2018) for analysis. This project is significant in that it improves our understanding of the short- and long-term effects of job loss on health, the mechanisms of this relationship, and how such effects differ by gender, family contexts, occupation prestige, and education levels of individuals. Additionally, it will identify the career stages and economic contexts that further victimize job losers. By identifying the individuals who are the hardest hit by job loss, the study will help policy makers effectively cushion the adverse effect of job loss on health in the future. This is especially important in contemporary societies where job stability has been declining. We will also be among the first to examine the long-term effect of job loss on dementia among older adults.