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Influences of Executive and Memory Functioning on Memory for the Sources of Actions and Words

执行和记忆功能对行为和言语来源记忆的影响

基本信息

批准号：
9812478
负责人：
ALAN W KERSTEN
金额：
$ 43.77万
依托单位：
FLORIDA ATLANTIC UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-08-15 至 2023-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY Source memory involves remembering the context in which a piece of target information (e.g., a fact or statement) was presented. Source memory typically exhibits greater age-related decline than does memory for target information in isolation. Understanding the cognitive mechanisms underlying this decline is thus important to help older adults keep pace with the information age, in which a wealth of information comes from sources of varying quality. A particularly important type of source memory involves memory for the sources of actions. Remembering which people performed which actions is critical to social functioning, allowing one to attribute credit to people who provide help and to assign blame to people who commit negative actions. Kersten et al. (in press) have revealed that the cognitive mechanisms underlying memory for the sources of actions may be different from the mechanisms underlying memory for the sources of verbal information. Source memory for verbal information has typically been associated with frontally- mediated executive functions, such as attentional control, working memory, and set shifting. In contrast, Kersten et al. found that memory for the sources of actions was associated with more basic associative memory mechanisms, likely mediated by medial temporal brain regions. The proposed research is designed to examine the abilities of young and older adults to remember the sources of actions and words, and to relate these abilities to measures of executive and memory functioning. The specific aims of the proposed research are (1) to examine similarities and differences in the cognitive mechanisms underlying young and older adults' memory for the sources of actions and words, (2) to create a set of video stimuli for use by researchers who wish to study memory for the sources of actions, and (3) to collect baseline measures of source memory for actions in a sample of older participants, allowing one to examine the predictiveness of this type of source memory for the later development of pathological conditions associated with medial temporal lobe function, such as Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease. The proposed research would achieve these aims by testing healthy young and older adults on their memory for a series of brief video clips depicting actors performing actions or speaking verbal phrases. They will also be given other tests of executive and memory functioning, allowing for an examination of the cognitive mechanisms underlying source memory for actions.

项目概要源记忆涉及记住一段目标信息（例如，事实或陈述）被提出。源记忆通常表现出与年龄相关的更大衰退与孤立地记忆目标信息相比。了解认知机制因此，这种衰退背后的原因对于帮助老年人跟上信息时代的步伐非常重要，其中大量信息来自不同质量的来源。一个特别重要的源记忆类型涉及动作来源的记忆。记住哪些人执行哪些行动对社会功能至关重要，使人们能够将功劳归于他人他们提供帮助并将责任归咎于做出消极行为的人。克斯滕等人。（在 Press）揭示了记忆来源的认知机制动作可能与言语来源的记忆机制不同信息。言语信息的源记忆通常与额叶相关介导的执行功能，例如注意力控制、工作记忆和设定转换。在相比之下，Kersten 等人。发现对行为来源的记忆与更多基本的联想记忆机制，可能由内侧颞脑区域介导。这拟议的研究旨在检查年轻人和老年人的记忆能力行为和言语的来源，并将这些能力与执行和衡量措施联系起来记忆功能。拟议研究的具体目标是（1）检查相似性以及年轻人和老年人记忆的认知机制的差异动作和言语的来源，(2) 创建一组视频刺激供研究人员使用希望研究行为来源的记忆，以及（3）收集来源的基线测量对老年参与者样本中的行为进行记忆，使人们能够检查其预测性这种类型的源记忆对于后来相关的病理状况的发展具有内侧颞叶功能，例如轻度认知障碍和阿尔茨海默病。拟议的研究将通过测试健康的年轻人和老年人来实现这些目标他们对一系列描述演员表演或说话的简短视频片段的记忆口头短语。他们还将接受其他执行和记忆功能测试，允许检查动作源记忆背后的认知机制。