Characterization of gingival drug delivery to improve local treatment

一项文献调查表明，对人牙龈对药物的屏障特性缺乏了解。 没有对其渗透性进行系统研究的投放。这方面的知识对发展 有效的局部给药系统，可将药物输送到牙龈及周围组织。例如，牙龈是 与牙周炎等口腔疾病有关。牙周病可导致牙齿脱落、并发症 如骨髓炎和面部蜂窝织炎，以及细菌入侵对晚期患者全身健康的影响 疾病的各个阶段。年，这些疾病影响了大约一半50岁及以上的人口 整个世界。目前的治疗方法是干预措施，如刮除和根部规划，这些都是侵入性的和 有一定的效果。现有的药物治疗包括局部用药和持续给药。 用于局部输送抗菌剂和抗炎药的系统。局部给药的方法不是很 由于稀释和快速消除口腔和牙龈组织屏障中的药物而有效 用于药物渗透。持续给药系统由牙医给药，只能维持很短的时间 持续时间(例如，最多两周)。一种方便有效的家庭局部治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病的方法 牙周病不提供。本课题分为两个部分：基础研究 表征牙龈的屏障特性和开发离子导入药物的翻译研究 牙龈组织的递送方法。离子导入是一种已在牙科使用的方法，但 在口腔护理中没有得到充分利用。在项目的第一部分，目标是描述 牙周组织的屏障特性及其离子导入药物转运行为的力学研究 送货。在以下条件下，将使用模型渗透剂/药物表征人牙龈的转运屏障 体外被动和离子导入条件。在该项目的第二部分，一种离子导入方法 牙周给药将在体外开发和测试。这包括建造离子导入系统。 药物配方的设计和测试。人体屏障特性的系统表征 该项目中的牙龈将为目前和未来的牙周药物输送提供知识框架 学习。离子导入传递系统的成功开发不仅可以提供一种新的 方便在家中使用的方式治疗牙周病，也可以作为其他口腔治疗的平台。 该研究项目将使本科生和研究生接触到以下领域的研究 用于药物输送、药物输送动力学和医疗器械工程的生物膜表征。

A survey of the literature indicated a lack of understanding of the barrier properties of human gingiva for drug delivery with no systematic study on its permeability. This knowledge is essential to the development of effective systems for local drug delivery to the gingiva and surrounding tissues. For example, the gingiva is involved in oral diseases such as periodontitis. Periodontal diseases can lead to tooth loss, complications such as osteomyelitis and facial cellulitis, and bacteria invasion to systemic health in patients at advanced stages of the diseases. The diseases affect approximately half of the population 50 years of age and older in the world. Current therapies are interventions such as scaling and root planning, which are invasive and moderately effective. Existing drug treatments include topical drug application and sustained drug delivery systems for local delivery of antibacterial and anti-inflammatory. Topical drug delivery methods are not very effective due to the dilution and rapid elimination of the drugs in the oral cavity and the gingival tissue barrier for drug permeation. Sustained drug delivery systems are administered by a dentist and only last for a short duration (e.g., up to two weeks). A convenient and effective in-home method for local treatment of chronic periodontal diseases is not available. The present project is divided into two parts: basic research to characterize the barrier properties of the gingiva and translational research to develop an iontophoretic drug delivery method for the gingival tissues. Iontophoretic delivery is a method that has been used in dentistry but has not been fully utilized in oral care. In the first part of the project, the objectives are to characterize the barrier properties of the gingiva and mechanistically study the transport behavior of gingival iontophoretic drug delivery. The transport barrier of human gingiva will be characterized using model permeants/drugs under passive and iontophoretic conditions in vitro. In the second part of the project, an iontophoresis method for gingival drug delivery will be developed and tested in vitro. This includes the construction of the iontophoresis device and testing of the drug formulations. The systematic characterization of the barrier properties of human gingiva in this project will provide the knowledge framework for the present and future gingival drug delivery studies. The successful development of an iontophoretic delivery system not only can provide a new convenient in-home use approach for periodontal diseases but also can be a platform for other oral treatments. The research project will expose undergraduate and graduate students to research in the areas of biomembrane characterization for drug delivery, drug delivery kinetics, and medical device engineering.