Improved Models to Inform Tobacco Product Regulation

描述（由申请人提供）：烟草管制科学中心的总体主题是开发改进的模型，为烟草制品管制战略提供信息，这些战略综合考虑1)烟草使用对健康成本的经济影响，2)风险认知、感知的可接受性、消费者对支持烟草营销和反对烟草信息的反应以及烟草使用的其他社会决定因素。烟草使用和二手烟暴露导致的风险快速变化，表现为心血管和肺功能障碍。该tors包括5个完整项目（1个经济模型、2个行为模型、2个心血管和肺部疾病模型）、2个发展项目（1个行为模型、1个心血管和肺部疾病模型）、3个核心项目（行政管理、信息学和分析、生物标志物）、一个博士后培训计划和一个未来发展项目的选择过程。研究结果将为FDA对烟草制品的生产、分销和营销的监管提供信息，提供一个改进的科学框架，在该框架中，通过开发1)改进的经济模型来分析考虑烟草使用短期和长期影响的拟议法规，从而评估特定监管策略的可能影响；2)更好地了解烟草使用的行为和社会决定因素（包括对风险的感知和决策过程），为经济模型、营销监管和烟草制品风险的公众教育提供信息；3)烟草使用和二手烟急性心肺反应的功能生物标志物，可能预测未来疾病，并支持改进经济模型的发展。特别是，这些改进的经济模型将整合由于心血管和肺部疾病的减少而导致的风险的快速变化，这将是FDA监管决定的结果。这个tors是建立在UCSF烟草控制研究和教育中心强大的跨学科和合作研究，教育和服务的传统之上的。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overarching theme of this Tobacco Center of Regulatory Science is the development of improved models to inform tobacco product regulatory strategies that integrate 1) economic impacts of tobacco use on health costs, 2) risk perceptions, perceived acceptability, consumer responses to pro-tobacco marketing and anti-tobacco messages and other social determinants of tobacco use, and 3) rapid changes in risk due to tobacco use and secondhand smoke exposure as manifested in cardiovascular and pulmonary dysfunction. This TCORS includes five full projects (one on economic models, two on behavioral models, and two on cardiovascular and pulmonary disease models), two developmental projects (one on behavioral models and one on cardiovascular and pulmonary disease models), three Cores (Administrative, Informatics and Analysis, and Biomarker), a postdoctoral training program and a process for selecting future developmental projects. The results will inform FDA regulation of the manufacture, distribution and marketing of tobacco products by providing an improved scientific framework in which to evaluate the likely effects of specific regulatory strategies by developing 1) improved economic models for analysis of proposed regulations that account for short-term as well as long-term effects of tobacco use, 2) better understanding of behavioral and social determinants of tobacco use (including perception of risk and decision making processes) to inform the economic models, regulation of marketing, and public education about risks of tobacco products, and 3) functional biomarkers of acute cardiopulmonary responses to tobacco use and secondhand smoke that may predict future disease and also support development of improved economic models. In particular, these improved economic models will integrate the rapid changes in risk due to reductions in cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases which would be expected to result from FDA regulatory decisions. This TCORS is built on the UCSF Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education's tradition of strong transdisciplinary and collaborative research, education and service. RELEVANCE: This TCORS will inform FDA regulation by developing new economic models that account for short-term and long-term effects of tobacco use, developing a better understanding of behavioral determinants of tobacco use, and identifying functional biomarkers of acute cardiopulmonary responses to tobacco use that could be used in premarket testing of tobacco products.