Relationship Between Neural Correlates of Episodic Memory,Age, Memory Performance

情景记忆、年龄、记忆表现的神经相关因素之间的关系

• 批准号: 9332574
• 负责人: Michael D Rugg
• 金额: $ 267.43万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS DALLAS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-08-15 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9332574
• 关键词: Adopted; Adult; Age; Aging; Alzheimer' s Disease; Alzheimer' s disease risk; Attenuated; Behavior; Brain region; Disease; Early Diagnosis; Elderly; Episodic memory; Event; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Funding; Goals; Hippocampus (Brain); Impairment; Individual; Inferior frontal gyrus; Intervention; Laboratories; Left; Light; Link; Measures; Memory; Memory Loss; Memory impairment; Mind; Neurocognitive; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Neurophysiology - biologic function; Onset of illness; Pathology; Pattern; Performance; Phase; Population; Preparation; Process; Quality of life; Recruitment Activity; Reporting; Research; Research Subjects; Retrieval; Risk; Risk Factors; Short-Term Memory; Stimulus; Suggestion; Symptoms; Testing; Work; age effect; age related; aged; aging brain; amnestic mild cognitive impairment; base; cognitive neuroscience; experimental study; healthy aging; high risk; indexing; memory encoding; middle age; neural correlate; novel; programs; relating to nervous system; response; success; young adult

Episodic memory declines more steeply with increasing age than other types of memory, and is severely impaired in Alzheimer’s Disease. Even the modest memory impairment typical of healthy people in their 70’s can negatively impact quality of life. Moreover, changes in memory function that harbinger Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) onset years before the emergence of symptoms. This prodromal period provides a window for disease- modifying interventions and places a premium on early detection of trajectories of ‘unsuccessful’ brain aging. Thus, it is important to understand the neurocognitive bases of the effects of age on episodic memory. The aim of the present research is to elucidate the functional significance of age-related differences in neural activity underpinning episodic memory. We aim to determine which of these differences reflect processes that contribute to age-related memory decline, which reflect compensatory mechanisms that ameliorate decline, and which differences are indicative of memory pathology. The focus of the program is on the neural correlates of episodic encoding and retrieval as these are indexed by fMRI. In one strand of the research, subjects will be people in their 60s and 70s with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), a significant risk factor for AD, along with healthy aged-matched controls aged around 70 yrs, and healthy adults in their 80s. The goal is to identify which of the neural correlates of successful episodic encoding and retrieval previously identified in healthy people are also evident in aMCI, which correlates are shared with healthy older individuals with broadly comparable memory abilities, and which are specific to aMCI, especially to individuals at high risk for AD. In two studies we will examine the neural correlates of associative encoding and retrieval, and recollection-related cortical reinstatement, respectively. We will also continue to advance our recent work on healthy aging and episodic encoding. We have described several neural measures of encoding that are predictive of memory performance in people aged around 65-75 yrs, but not in middle-aged (45-55 yrs) or younger people. One of these measures - the ‘right frontal subsequent memory effect’ – correlated positively with memory performance in a recent study, but correlated negatively with performance in an earlier study. We shall examine the hypothesis that the direction of the relationship depends upon the conditions under which memory is tested. In another experiment, we will investigate the effects of age on ‘pre-stimulus’ subsequent memory effects – neural activity predictive of subsequent memory performance that precedes a study event. We predict that pre-stimulus effects will be attenuated in older subjects. Should this be so, it will constitute a novel mechanism by which memory encoding is compromised in later life. In a final experiment, we will assess whether age-invariance in the neural correlates of successful retrieval extends to circumstances where retrieved information must be retained in working memory for a period prior to being used to guide response selection.

情节记忆随着年龄的增长比其他类型的记忆下降得更快， 老年痴呆症患者即使是70多岁的健康人典型的轻微记忆障碍 会对生活质量产生负面影响。此外，记忆功能的变化预示着阿尔茨海默氏症 (AD)在症状出现前几年发病。前驱期为疾病提供了一个窗口- 修改干预措施，并重视早期发现“不成功”的大脑老化轨迹。 因此，了解年龄对情景记忆影响的神经认知基础是很重要的。 本研究的目的是阐明与年龄相关的差异在功能上的意义， 支撑情景记忆的神经活动我们的目标是确定哪些差异反映了 导致与年龄相关的记忆衰退的过程，这反映了补偿机制， 改善衰退，以及哪些差异是记忆病理学的指示。该计划的重点是 情景编码和提取的神经相关性，因为这些都是由功能磁共振成像索引的。的一条链中 研究对象将是60多岁和70多岁的遗忘型轻度认知障碍（aMCI）患者， AD的显著风险因素，沿着70岁左右的健康年龄匹配对照组和健康成人 80多岁了我们的目标是确定哪些神经相关的成功的情节编码和检索 之前在健康人中发现的症状在aMCI中也很明显，这与健康老年人有共同的相关性 具有广泛可比的记忆能力的个体，并且特异于aMCI，特别是个体 AD的高风险。在两项研究中，我们将研究关联编码和提取的神经相关性， 和记忆相关的皮层恢复。 我们还将继续推进我们最近在健康老龄化和情景编码方面的工作。我们有 描述了几种编码的神经测量方法，这些方法可以预测老年人的记忆表现。 65-75岁左右，但中年（45-55岁）或更年轻的人不存在。其中一项措施-“权利” 最近的一项研究表明，“额叶后续记忆效应”与记忆表现呈正相关， 与早期研究中的表现呈负相关。我们将检验一个假设， 这种关系取决于测试记忆的条件。在另一个实验中，我们将 研究年龄对“刺激前”随后记忆效应的影响-神经活动预测 研究事件之前的后续记忆性能。我们预测，刺激前的影响将是 在老年受试者中减弱。如果是这样的话，它将构成一种新的记忆编码机制， 在以后的生活中会受到影响。在最后一个实验中，我们将评估神经系统中的年龄不变性 成功检索的相关因素延伸到检索信息必须保留在 在被用来指导反应选择之前的一段时间内的工作记忆。