Suburban Opioid Study (SOS)

郊区阿片类药物研究 (SOS)

• 批准号: 9232018
• 负责人: MIRIAM W BOERI
• 金额: $ 34.16万
• 依托单位: SOUTHERN CONNECTICUT STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-04-01 至 2020-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9232018
• 关键词: Address; Analgesics; Area; Awareness; Bayesian Analysis; Behavior; Boston; Communities; Connecticut; Crime; Data; Demography; Disadvantaged; Disease; Drug usage; Drug user; Economics; Environment; Epidemic; Epidemiology; Ethnic Origin; Ethnography; Exposure to; Gender; Geographic Locations; Geography; Goals; HIV; HIV/HCV; Health; Healthcare; Heroin; Heroin Abuse; Heroin Users; Individual; Infection; Injectable; Injection of therapeutic agent; Intervention; Interview; Knowledge; Lead; Location; Massachusetts; Medical; Methods; Mission; Opioid; Overdose; Pattern; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Population; Prevention program; Prevention strategy; Psyche structure; Public Health; Qualitative Methods; Race; Recommendation; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Resources; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Route; Rural Community; Sampling; Services; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Site; Skin; Social Class; Social Environment; Soft Tissue Infections; Suburban Population; Time; United States National Institutes of Health; Violence; Virus; Work; addiction; cohort; data visualization; demographics; epidemiologic data; epidemiology study; ethnic minority population; experience; heroin overdose; improved; innovation; intervention program; life history; mortality; nonmedical use; novel; opioid abuse; opioid misuse; opioid use; overdose death; prescription opioid; prevent; public health intervention; public health relevance; racial and ethnic; regional difference; rural area; social; stem; suburb; suburban communities; theories; treatment program; trend; urban area

Epidemiological data show a dramatic increase in opioid and heroin use, largely due to nonmedical use of opioid prescription medications. Nationwide efforts to reduce diversion of prescription opioids appeared to show a leveling of opioid overdose mortality rates but accompanied by a sharp increase in heroin overdose mortality rates from 2012 to 2013. Unfortunately, despite increased focus on stopping the spread of the opioid epidemic, the most recent data show both opioid and heroin use and overdose mortality rates are again increasing. Opioid abuse has traversed social, economic, and geographic boundaries. The current opioid and heroin crisis is like no other experienced in recent history. Most current heroin users started with physical addiction to prescription opioids. Unlike previous cohorts of heroin users, the majority of new heroin users are White, middle class, and live in nonurban areas. There is a lack of research on drug user populations in suburban communities. The broad goal of this revised R15 application is to fill the gap in our understanding of opioid and heroin use patterns in suburban communities where opioid use is epidemic. The study includes two specific aims: (Aim 1) To examine opioid and heroin use initiation, trajectories, settings, situations, and risk practices; (Aim 2) To compare opioid and heroin use patterns by race, ethnicity, and gender. Our qualitative study triangulates ethnographic field research and in-depth interviews conducted in three suburban field sites that differ by size, location, and demographics. The sample will consist of 180 opioid and/or heroin users living in suburban communities around Boston, Massachusetts (N=60), New Haven, Connecticut (N=60), and Atlanta, Georgia (N=60). We will use targeted, snowball, and theoretical sampling methods. Our novel use of qualitative methods with Bayesian analysis and data visualizations to illustrate transition patterns in opioid and heroin use among suburban populations is an innovation of this study design. Our collaborative and skilled research team is led by multiple PIs and includes experienced investigators who have worked together successfully on drug research projects. Our aims build on our previous suburban studies examining new trends in suburban drug use and are a logical extension of our earlier research. This study responds to an urgent need to know why opioid and heroin abuse continue to increase and what prevention and intervention programs are needed to address the opioid epidemic. Our findings will inform health care efforts targeted to suburban populations of opioid and heroin users. A more comprehensive understanding of suburban drug use, risk environments, and social context can also inform larger epidemiological studies on opioid transitions, route of administration practices, and other risk behaviors in diverse suburban areas where opioid and heroin use are increasing.

流行病学数据显示，阿片类药物和海洛因的使用急剧增加，主要是由于非医疗使用， 阿片类处方药全国范围内减少处方阿片类药物转移的努力似乎 显示阿片类药物过量死亡率持平，但伴随着海洛因过量的急剧增加， 2012年至2013年的死亡率。不幸的是，尽管人们越来越关注阻止阿片类药物的传播， 流行病，最新数据显示，阿片类药物和海洛因的使用和过量死亡率再次 增加。阿片类药物滥用跨越了社会、经济和地理界限。目前的阿片类药物和 海洛因危机是近代史上从未有过的。目前大多数海洛因使用者开始与身体 处方阿片类药物成瘾与以前的海洛因使用者不同，大多数新的海洛因使用者是 白色，中产阶级，住在非城市地区。对吸毒人群缺乏研究， 郊区社区。修订后的R15应用程序的主要目标是填补我们对以下内容的理解上的差距： 在阿片类药物使用流行的郊区社区，阿片类药物和海洛因的使用模式。该研究包括两个 具体目标：（目标1）审查阿片类药物和海洛因使用的开始、轨迹、环境、情况和风险 （目的2）按种族、民族和性别比较阿片类药物和海洛因的使用模式。我们的质量 一项研究对在三个郊区实地进行的人种学实地研究和深入访谈进行了三角分析 大小、位置和人口统计数据不同。样本将包括180名阿片类药物和/或海洛因使用者， 在马萨诸塞州波士顿（N=60）、康涅狄格州纽黑文（N=60）和 亚特兰大，格鲁吉亚（N=60）。我们将使用目标抽样、滚雪球抽样和理论抽样方法。我们的新用途 使用贝叶斯分析和数据可视化的定性方法来说明阿片类药物和 在郊区人群中使用海洛因是本研究设计的一个创新。我们的协作和技术 研究团队由多名PI领导，包括经验丰富的研究人员，他们曾在一起工作 在药物研究项目上取得成功。我们的目标建立在我们以前的郊区研究，研究新的趋势 是我们早期研究的合理延伸这项研究回应了一个紧迫的问题， 需要知道为什么阿片类药物和海洛因滥用继续增加，以及什么预防和干预措施 需要制定计划来解决阿片类药物的流行问题。我们的研究结果将为针对以下目标的医疗保健工作提供信息： 阿片类药物和海洛因使用者的郊区人口。更全面地了解郊区吸毒情况， 风险环境和社会背景也可以为更大规模的阿片类药物过渡，途径 在阿片类药物和海洛因使用的不同郊区， 正在增加。