Colorado Adoption/Twin Study of Lifespan behavioral development & cognitive aging (CATSLife)

描述(由申请人提供)：早期的影响可能会在一生中积累起来，影响我们变老的程度。然而，人们对年龄相关认知变化个体差异的发展原因知之甚少。因此，拟议研究的主要目标是评估幼儿因素对成人认知维持和变化的独特显着性，以及在整个发展过程中出现的近距离影响和创新(遗传和环境)。我们将利用两项国际知名的行为发展研究的优势，科罗拉多州收养项目(CAP)和纵向双胞胎研究(LTS)，每项研究都有数十年以前收集的从婴儿期到成年早期的认知和行为数据，并对776名收养和非收养先驱和兄弟姐妹以及824名双胞胎进行新的评估，年龄从28岁到38岁不等。由此产生的科罗拉多州领养/双胞胎寿命行为发展和认知老化研究(CATSLife)将是第一个前瞻性的纵向研究，在过渡到中年期间的行为和认知变化的病因。其目的是：对1600名参与者从出生到成年早期的行为和认知变化的个体差异进行基因敏感研究；绘制认知能力成长和维持的个体差异图谱；评估和跟踪测量的身体因素和健康行为、生化标记物和测量的对维持认知表现重要的遗传途径；以及跟踪可能降低、维持或提高认知表现的测量的环境因素。CATSLife将包括对认知表现、身体功能和健康行为的扩展评估，基因路径，包括测量的血脂、突触可塑性和细胞信号路径的遗传变异(基于芯片阵列变体)，生化标记物(例如，血清脂质)，以及环境措施(例如，参与休闲活动)。我们将评估身体健康和认知功能变化的原因，以及 测试跨域关联是否因遗传变异或环境自我选择的变化而随年龄变化而变化。测量的基因途径集合和环境措施，包括参与休闲活动和邻里层面的变量，将被评估为遗传变异或环境选择动态的潜在因素。因此，CATSLife将提供一个无与伦比的机会来前瞻性地评估认知变化的原因，并测试儿童早期与最近对认知下降起源的影响的显着性。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Early influences may accumulate over the life course to impact how well we age. However, relatively little is known about the developmental etiologies of individual differences in age- related cognitive change. Thus, the primary objective of the proposed research is to assess the unique saliency of early childhood factors to adult cognitive maintenance and change versus proximal influences and innovations (genetic and environmental) that emerge across development. We will leverage the strengths of two internationally renowned studies of behavioral development, the Colorado Adoption Project (CAP) and the Longitudinal Twin Study (LTS), each with decades of previously collected cognitive and behavioral data spanning infancy to early adulthood, and conduct a new assessment of 776 adoptive and non-adoptive probands and siblings and 824 twins, ranging in age from 28-38 years. The resulting Colorado Adoption/Twin Study of Lifespan behavioral development and cognitive aging (CATSLife) will be the first prospective longitudinal study of the etiologies of behavioral and cognitive changes during the transition to middle adulthood. The aims are to: conduct a genetically sensitive study of individual differences in behavioral and cognitive change at the cusp of middle adulthood, in 1600 participants studied almost yearly from birth to early adulthood; map individual differences in growth and maintenance of cognitive abilities; evaluate and trace measured physical factors and health behaviors, biochemical markers and measured genetic pathways important to sustaining cognitive performance; and track measured environmental factors that might decrease, sustain or boost cognitive performance. The CATSLife will include expanded assessment of cognitive performance, physical functioning and health behaviors, gene pathways, including measured genetic variation in lipid, synaptic plasticity and cell-signaling paths (based on chip array variants), biochemical markers (e.g., serum lipids), and environmental measures (e.g., engagement in leisure activities). We will assess etiologies of changes in physical health and cognitive functioning, and test whether associations across domains change with age due to changes in genetic variation or self-selection of environments. Measured gene pathway sets, and environmental measures, including engagement in leisure activities and neighborhood-level variables, will be evaluated as potential factors underlying dynamics of genetic variation or environmental selection. Thus, the CATSLife will provide an unparalleled opportunity to assess prospectively the etiologies of cognitive change, and test the saliency of early childhood versus proximal influences on the genesis of cognitive decline.