Using Implementation Intentions for Weight Loss and Dietary Change in College Students With Overweight/Obesity

利用实施意图对超重/肥胖大学生进行减肥和饮食改变

• 批准号: 9327514
• 负责人: Jacqueline F Hayes
• 金额: $ 4.4万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-07-01 至 2018-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9327514
• 关键词: Adult; Aftercare; Age; Apple; Attention; Attenuated; Behavior; Body Weight Changes; Body Weight decreased; Cognitive; Comorbidity; Complement; Complex; Control Groups; Cues; Diet; Dietary Intervention; Disease; Eating; Ecological momentary assessment; Effectiveness; Employment; Enrollment; Environment; Goals; Health; Health behavior; Individual; Intention; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Laboratories; Life Style; Link; Literature; Measurement; Medical; Memory; Monitor; National Research Service Awards; Obesity; Outcome; Overweight; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Population; Prevalence; Prevention strategy; Psyche structure; Public Health; Randomized; Research; Research Personnel; Retrieval; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Short-Term Memory; Speed; Students; Testing; Text; Time; Training; Translating; Treatment Efficacy; Treatment outcome; Weight; Work; behavior change; brief intervention; clinically relevant; college; distraction; effective intervention; efficacy testing; handheld mobile device; improved; insight; intervention effect; negative mood; neglect; novel; practical application; pre-doctoral; prevent; programs; psychosocial; skills; success; tool; treatment strategy; university student; weight loss intervention

Project Summary/Abstract Obesity poses a serious public health concern and has been identified as a risk factor for a variety of medical and psychosocial comorbidities. Thirty-five percent of college students have overweight/obesity and are in need of brief and simple weight loss interventions that complement their unstructured lifestyles. Implementation intentions, a widely-used strategy to pursue goals, facilitate goal-attainment for a wide variety of health-behaviors, including dietary change and weight loss, and may therefore be useful for dietary change and weight loss in college students; however, this has not been tested. A study is needed to evaluate an implementation intention intervention for dietary change and weight loss in this population. Additionally, little research has examined implementation intentions in naturalistic settings over time, which may weaken underlying mechanisms given strong environmental temptations and necessitate additional support. Fluency training of implementation intentions (i.e., training for speed and accuracy) and text message reminders over the course of an intervention should serve to improve encoding and retrieval, strengthening the underlying mechanisms of action of implementation intentions and thus enhancing intervention effects. Moreover, individuals with obesity have been shown to be low in working memory capacity (WMC), a moderator that may inhibit use of the skill. Therefore, fluency training and text message reminders meant to support encoding multiple intentions and monitoring multiple cues to prompt retrieval may be most beneficial for individuals low in WMC. Thus, this proposal aims to test the efficacy of an implementation intention intervention alone (IMP) and in combination with fluency training and text message reminders (IMP+) against a goal-intention control group (GOL) on self-regulatory weight loss behaviors. A three-group randomized-controlled intervention paradigm will be employed across four weeks. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA), which entails the repeated testing of participants in real time, will be used to provide an in-depth snapshot of implementation intentions use and their mechanistic role in behavior change during weeks 1 and 4 of the program. This will be the first study to examine implementation intention use with an externally-valid measurement tool. At post-treatment, weight and dietary change will be assessed. Students with overweight/obesity (n=75; ages 18-25) wanting to lose weight, but not currently enrolled in a weight loss program, will be assessed. This study is significant because it: 1) evaluates the use of a simple and effective transdisciplinary goal-striving strategy, alone and enhanced, for weight loss and diet change in college students with overweight/obesity, 2) considers cognitive moderators (i.e., WMC) that may interfere with intervention efficacy that are salient to individuals with obesity and identifies ways to attenuate their effect and, 3) provides the first examination of implementation intention usage in a naturalistic environment, to gain insight into the practical application of theoretical underlying mechanisms.

项目总结/摘要 肥胖引起了严重的公共卫生问题，并已被确定为各种疾病的危险因素。 医学和心理社会共病。35%的大学生超重/肥胖， 需要简短而简单的减肥干预，以补充他们非结构化的生活方式。 实施意图是一种广泛使用的追求目标的战略，有助于各种目标的实现。 健康行为，包括饮食改变和减肥，因此可能对饮食改变有用 大学生减肥;然而，这还没有得到验证。需要一项研究来评估 实施意向性干预以改变该人群的饮食结构和减轻体重。此外，小 随着时间的推移，研究已经检查了自然环境中的实施意图，这可能会削弱 由于环境的强烈诱惑，潜在的机制需要额外的支持。流利 实施意图的培训（即，训练速度和准确性）和短信提醒， 干预的过程应该有助于改善编码和检索，加强潜在的 实施意图的作用机制，从而增强干预效果。此外，委员会认为， 肥胖者的工作记忆容量（WMC）较低，这可能是一个调节因素， 禁止使用技能。因此，流畅性训练和短信提醒意味着支持编码 多个意图和监测多个提示提示检索可能是最有益的个人低， WMC。因此，本建议旨在测试单独实施意图干预（IMP）的有效性， 结合流畅性训练和短信提醒（IMP+），对照目标-意图对照组 (GOL)自我调节减肥行为。三组随机对照干预模式将 在四周内被雇用。生态瞬时评估（EMA），需要重复测试 参与者在真实的时间，将被用来提供一个深入的快照的实施意图使用和 他们在第1周和第4周的行为改变中的机械作用。这将是第一项研究， 使用外部有效的测量工具检查实施意图。治疗后，体重和 将评估饮食变化。超重/肥胖学生（n=75;年龄18-25）想要减肥， 但目前没有参加减肥计划的人将接受评估。这项研究意义重大，因为它：1） 评估使用一个简单而有效的跨学科的目标追求战略，单独和加强， 超重/肥胖大学生的减肥和饮食改变，2）考虑认知调节剂 (i.e., WMC），这可能会干扰干预效果，这对肥胖个体来说是突出的， 如何削弱其影响，3）提供了第一次审查的实施意图使用在一个 自然的环境，以深入了解理论基础机制的实际应用。