The Neural Circuitry of Tooth Sensation: Contribution of Additional Sensory Modalities and Plasticity Following Tooth Loss

牙齿感觉的神经回路：牙齿缺失后附加感觉方式和可塑性的贡献

• 批准号: 9516097
• 负责人: Diana Kay Sarko
• 金额: $ 44.25万
• 依托单位: SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY CARBONDALE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-17 至 2023-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9516097
• 关键词: Activities of Daily Living; Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Amputation; Anatomy; Animal Model; Animals; Area; Auditory; Auditory area; Automobile Driving; Basic Science; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain region; Cerebral cortex; Cheek structure; Cues; Data; Dental; Dentition; Development; Diet and Nutrition; Disease; Educational Background; Electrophysiology (science); Esthesia; Ethnic Origin; Excision; Exhibits; Feedback; Future; Habits; Health; Heterocephalus; Incisor; Individual; Interdisciplinary Study; Interruption; Laboratories; Limb structure; Maps; Mastication; Mediating; Modality; Modeling; Mole Rats; Neuraxis; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Oral; Outcome; Pathology; Perception; Physiology; Play; Population; Quality of life; Recovery; Role; Self Perception; Sensory; Smoking; Socioeconomic Status; Somatosensory Cortex; Speech; Stimulus; Structure; Tactile; Therapeutic; Tongue; Tooth Extraction; Tooth Loss; Tooth structure; Touch sensation; Trauma; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Visual; Visual Cortex; age group; age related; behavioral response; cortex mapping; craniofacial; daily functioning; edentulism; experimental study; global health; human old age (65+); improved; in vivo; insight; multisensory; negative affect; nerve supply; neural circuit; novel strategies; novel therapeutics; orofacial; permanent tooth; receptive field; relating to nervous system; response; sensory feedback; sensory input; sensory system; success; therapeutic target

Project Summary/Abstract Permanent tooth loss is a significant health issue in the United States. Approximately 25% of adults 60 years and older have had complete tooth loss. In addition, nearly 70% of adults between the ages of 35-44 have lost at least one permanent tooth, with the number of individuals suffering from tooth loss projected to remain stable at approximately 9 million. Because of the detrimental effects associated with it, reducing tooth loss to <20% of adults over the age of 65 became a national health objective in the year 2000. Loss of permanent natural teeth negatively affects an individual’s diet and nutrition, and can substantially reduce quality of life and self-image. Tooth loss also directly impacts essential daily functions including speech and chewing due to altered or absent sensory feedback. Despite this, sensory processing of dentition remains incompletely understood, as does neural plasticity following tooth loss, despite the fact that teeth are one of the most commonly lost anatomical structures (through trauma, disease, or purposeful removal). This incomplete understanding of the neural processing that underlies tooth sensation critically impedes the development of novel strategies aimed at reducing the negative impact of tooth loss, and enhancing recovery from the lasting debilitating effects which often follow. Daily functions such as speech and chewing rely on distinguishing and combining cues from multiple sensory modalities at once in order to guide accurate perception and drive appropriate behavioral responses. The current proposal would be the first to examine: 1) how multiple sensory modalities (tactile, auditory, and visual) are integrated at the neuronal level to enhance sensory perception related to craniofacial and periodontal inputs, and 2) how multisensory neural circuits are reorganized following tooth loss. First, we will perform detailed electrophysiological mapping of periodontal and craniofacial (tactile) projections to the cerebral cortex of animal models. This cortical mapping will compare neuronal responses to tactile stimuli alone vs. responses to multisensory stimulus combinations (i.e., more than one sensory modality, such as tactile + auditory). Second, we will examine the multisensory cortical reorganization that results from tooth extraction. Altogether, these studies will provide insight into: 1) the neural physiology underlying dental and craniofacial sensory perception, 2) the role that additional sensory modalities play in dental and craniofacial sensation, and 3) the neural plasticity caused by the loss of normal sensory inputs from the teeth that affects those suffering from permanent tooth loss. These fundamental advances in the understanding of tooth sensation are essential for driving future data-driven, novel therapeutic strategies aimed at reducing the negative impact of tooth loss, and enhancing recovery from tooth loss, ultimately improving dental, oral, and craniofacial health in a large proportion of the U.S. population.

项目概要/摘要 在美国，恒牙缺失是一个重大的健康问题。大约 25% 的 60 岁成年人 和老年人的牙齿完全脱落。此外，近 70% 35-44 岁之间的成年人已经失去了 至少一颗恒牙，预计患有牙齿脱落的人数将继续存在 稳定在900万左右。由于与之相关的有害影响，减少牙齿脱落 2000 年，65 岁以上成年人减少 20% 成为国家健康目标。 天然牙齿会对个人的饮食和营养产生负面影响，并会大大降低生活质量和 自我形象。牙齿缺失还直接影响基本的日常功能，包括言语和咀嚼 感觉反馈改变或缺失。尽管如此，牙列的感觉处理仍然不完整 尽管牙齿是最重要的神经系统之一，但牙齿缺失后的神经可塑性也是如此。 通常会丢失解剖结构（由于外伤、疾病或有目的的切除）。这个不完整的 对牙齿感觉背后的神经处理的理解严重阻碍了牙齿感觉的发展 旨在减少牙齿缺失的负面影响并促进持久性恢复的新颖策略 随之而来的是衰弱的影响。 言语和咀嚼等日常功能依赖于区分和组合来自多种感官的线索 立即采取多种方式，以指导准确的感知并推动适当的行为反应。这 当前的提案将首先检查：1）多种感官模式（触觉、听觉和视觉）如何 在神经元水平上整合，以增强与颅面和牙周相关的感觉知觉 输入，以及 2）牙齿缺失后多感觉神经回路如何重组。首先，我们将执行 牙周和颅面（触觉）投射到大脑皮层的详细电生理图 动物模型。这种皮质映射将比较神经元对单独触觉刺激的反应与反应 多感官刺激组合（即不止一种感觉方式，例如触觉+听觉）。 其次，我们将检查拔牙引起的多感觉皮质重组。共， 这些研究将深入了解：1）牙齿和颅面感觉的神经生理学 感知，2) 额外的感觉方式在牙齿和颅面感觉中发挥的作用，以及 3) 由于牙齿失去正常感觉输入而引起的神经可塑性，影响了患有这种疾病的人 永久性牙齿缺失。这些对牙齿感觉理解的基本进展对于 推动未来数据驱动的新颖治疗策略，旨在减少牙齿缺失的负面影响，以及 促进牙齿脱落的恢复，最终改善牙齿、口腔和颅面健康 占美国人口的比例。