Extinction Circuits Controlling Heroin Seeking
Extinction Circuits Controlling Heroin Seeking
批准号:
10357930
负责人:
JAMIE PETERS
金额:
$12.89万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2018
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2018-05-15 至 2023-06-15
关键词:
AddressAnatomyAnimalsAutomobile DrivingBehaviorBehavioralBrainBrain regionCocaineConditioned ReflexCuesDataDesire for foodEfferent PathwaysExposure toExtinction (Psychology)FemaleFoodFrightGenetic RecombinationGlobus PallidusHeroinHypothalamic structureLateralLeadLearningMasksMedialMediatingMemoryMotivationNeuroanatomyNeuronsNucleus AccumbensOpiate AddictionOutputPathway interactionsPharmaceutical PreparationsPlayPopulationPrefrontal CortexProcessPublic HealthRabiesRattusRelapseReportingResearchRetrievalRewardsRodentRodent ModelRoleSelf AdministrationSex DifferencesSiteSynapsesSystemTechniquesTestingTracerUnited StatesViralViral VectorWorkconditioned fearcravingdesigner receptors exclusively activated by designer drugsexperimental studyfeedinginnovationinsightmalememory processmemory retrievalmu opioid receptorsneural circuitnovelrecruittechnological innovationtheoriestoolvector
中文摘要
摘要:
--
阿片类药物成瘾问题目前在美国是一个巨大的公共卫生和公共卫生威胁。因此,对一种新的药物缺乏真正的需求。
可以降低复发率的治疗方法,是一种主要的复发和触发因素,是暴露在有条件的药物治疗线索中的一种。
寻找毒品的条件性反应与通过这些提示和线索提取的记忆密切相关。然而,
在缺乏奖励的情况下,反复暴露于对这些线索的反应中,可能会导致人们对这些线索的反应减弱。
寻求药物,通过一个被称为灭绝的过程来寻找药物。灭绝被认为是建立一个反对和抑制的机制。
抑制条件性反应的记忆能力,已经被证明可以招募更多的前额叶。
大脑皮质,尤其是啮齿类动物的大脑下缘皮质(IL)对其下游的这种抑制作用起着控制作用。
效应者表示,如果不是这样,他们就不会推动有条件的反应。但对于许多有条件的人来说,这是一个真实的选择。
行为,包括有条件的可卡因寻找,食物寻找,恐惧和恐惧。初步数据显示,这是最重要的。
在吸食海洛因和自我管理之后,这一地区的抑制性心理功能被掩盖了,但并未完全丧失。但这一功能可能会因此而消失。
在IL中,海洛因的主要作用部位是阿片受体受体(MORS)的激活,因为IL-MORS的激活可能会引发喂食。
并成为一个非常有胃口的州政府(鲍尔多,2016)。初步的政府数据表明,IL-Mors也将监管政府。
人们寻找海洛因、毒品和毒品的动机与一种理论是一致的,即存在单独的、有胃口的毒品司机和毒品限制者。
在白介素区内,这些相互对立的神经功能可能会被不同的神经元组编码,这些神经元组是在白介素区内进行的。
不同的下游目标。这两个主要的传出目标是白介素2,据了解,它们可能会同时监管食品和药物。
正在寻找的是下丘脑外侧核(LH)和伏隔核-壳核(NAShell)。我们建议使用这种方法。
神经元细胞群投射的信息可以促进促黄体生成素的释放,从而推动海洛因的寻找,而那些投射的信息则可以抑制核糖核酸壳的活性。
海洛因正在寻找。事实上,初步的研究数据表明,白介素2的化学发生和激活过程通向NAShell途径。
减少寻求海洛因的线索诱导的复原率,这类似于我们报告的在寻找可卡因时产生的影响。
动物保护(Augur等人,2016年)。我们将使用一种全新的陷阱-DREADD管理系统来标记它们,并重新激活不同的系统。
在白介素类药物中发现的功能性神经元集,可以推动海洛因的寻找,而不是抑制海洛因的寻找,我们将无法识别他们的身份。
通过逆行追踪下游传出的靶点。我们还将使用特定于途径的化学遗传学技术来研究。
激活这些不同的IL传出通路,并建立它们在线索诱导的海洛因复发中的重要功能。
最后,我们还将使用一种全新的跨突触神经网络策略来进一步研究它的二阶神经网络。
控制和寻找海洛因。通过这些实验,将不会确定白介素2的特定功能和神经回路功能,并确定其功能。
下游的效应者,他们和他们建立了他们在推动毒品与限制海洛因寻觅方面的主要作用。此外,这一新的工作机制将继续发挥作用。
为控制海洛因和寻求毒品提供新的、更具体的神经解剖学,并在多大程度上影响这些问题。
我们还可以利用更多的电路限制器来减少复发。
英文摘要
Abstract
Opiate addiction is a huge public health threat in the United States currently. There is a real need for new
treatments that reduce relapse rates, and a major relapse trigger is exposure to conditioned drug cues. The
conditioned response to seek drug is intimately tied to the memory retrieved by these reminder cues. However,
repeated exposure to these cues in the absence of reward can lead to a diminished conditioned response to
seek drug, through a process known as extinction. Extinction is thought to establish an opposing inhibitory
memory that suppresses the conditioned response, and has been shown to recruit portions of the prefrontal
cortex. In particular, the infralimbic (IL) subregion in rodents exerts this inhibitory control over downstream
effectors that would otherwise drive the conditioned response. This is true for a number of conditioned
behaviors, including conditioned cocaine seeking, food seeking, and fear. Preliminary data suggest that the
inhibitory function of this region is masked, but not lost, after heroin self-administration. This may be due to a
primary site of action of heroin at mu opioid receptors (MORs) in IL, as activation of IL-MORs elicits feeding
and a general hyper-appetitive state (Baldo 2016). Preliminary data suggest that IL-MORs also regulate the
motivation to seek heroin, and is consistent with a theory separate appetitive driver and limiter functions exist
within the IL cortex. These opposing functions may be encoded by distinct neuronal ensembles within IL with
distinct downstream targets. Two major efferent targets of IL that are known to regulate both food and drug
seeking are the lateral hypothalamus (LH) and the nucleus accumbens shell (NAshell). We propose that IL
neuronal ensembles projecting to the LH drive heroin seeking, whereas those projecting to the NAshell inhibit
heroin seeking. Indeed, preliminary data show that chemogenetic activation of the IL to NAshell pathway
reduces cue-induced reinstatement of heroin seeking, similar to our reported effects in cocaine-seeking
animals (Augur et al. 2016). We will use a novel TRAP-DREADD system to tag and reactivate different
functional neuronal ensembles in IL that drive versus inhibit heroin seeking, and we will identify their
downstream efferent targets by retrograde tracing. We will also use pathway-specific chemogenetics to
activate these different IL efferent pathways and establish their functional role in cue-induced heroin relapse.
Finally, we will use a novel trans-synaptic "trans-DREADD" strategy to examine the second-order circuits
controlling heroin seeking. These experiments will determine the specific functional neural circuitry of IL and its
downstream effectors, and establish their role in driving vs limiting heroin seeking. Furthermore, this work will
provide new insight into the specific neuroanatomy controlling heroin seeking and the extent to which these
limiter circuits can be exploited to reduce relapse.
期刊论文(0)
专著(0)
科研奖励(0)
会议论文
Prefrontal mechanisms underlying polydrug heroin and alcohol use
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批准号:10739702
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$49.77万
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财政年份:2023
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负责人:JAMIE PETERS
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依托单位:
Extinction Circuits Controlling Heroin Seeking
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批准号:9912742
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$34.99万
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依托单位:
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批准号:8849885
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Simulating Extinction Memory with Infralimbic DREADDs
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$17.58万
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批准号:6836990
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批准号:6948176
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资助金额:$3.21万
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Metabotropic glutamate receptors mediate cocaine relapse
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批准号:7115921
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资助金额:$3.21万
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依托单位:
海外基金