Surveillance for Vaccine Preventable Disease in Children

儿童疫苗可预防疾病的监测

• 批准号: 10347954
• 负责人: Julie Anne Boom
• 金额: $ 144.16万
• 依托单位: BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10347954
• 关键词: Surveillance; Vaccine; Preventable; Disease; Children

Component A: Project Summary Texas Children’s Hospital (TCH) aims to continue inpatient and emergency department surveillance as part of the larger national New Vaccine Surveillance Network (NVSN) to assess the burden of pediatric respiratory and gastrointestinal illnesses and acute flaccid myelitis in hospitalized children and children seeking care in the emergency department. Specifically, we will operate year-round surveillance to assess the burden of multiple viral and bacterial respiratory pathogens, including but not limited to SARS-CoV-2, influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus, parainfluenza virus, coronavirus, rhinovirus, and emerging respiratory pathogens, such as enterovirus D68. A concurrent group of healthy, asymptomatic children presenting to Texas Children’s Pediatric practices for well child care will be enrolled as a control group. Nose and/or throat swabs will be collected from symptomatic and healthy control children and tested for a wide array of respiratory pathogens using molecular methods in the laboratory of Dr. Pedro Piedra, a national expert in pediatric respiratory disease. In addition, we will assess the burden of gastrointestinal pathogens such as rotavirus and norovirus. Stool specimens from symptomatic patients and healthy control children will undergo molecular testing in the labs of Dr. Robert Atmar and Dr. Sasirekha Ramani at Baylor College of Medicine. Complete vaccination histories will be obtained for all children based on our well-established process for gathering vaccination histories. We will calculate baseline and population-based rates of respiratory and enteric pathogens among hospitalized and ED patients. Using a test negative study design, we will calculate vaccine effectiveness for vaccine-preventable diseases such as influenza, rotavirus and SARS-CoV-2, comparing symptomatic patients who test positive for a pathogen of interest to symptomatic patients and asymptomatic, healthy controls who test negative for the specific pathogen. Importantly, TCH is an exemplary surveillance site due the large number of admissions each year (>36,000), racial and ethnic diversity of the Houston area, and the similarity of the TCH population to that of the community. Given the large number of admissions per year and depth of local neurologic expertise, TCH represents the ideal site for conducting year- round surveillance for children with acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) and comparing rates of AFM with rates of circulating respiratory and gastrointestinal pathogens.

构成部分A：项目摘要 德克萨斯州儿童医院（TCH）的目标是继续住院和急诊科监测， 更大的国家新疫苗监测网络（NVSN），以评估儿童的负担 住院儿童和儿童中的呼吸道和胃肠道疾病以及急性弛缓性肌无力 在急诊室寻求治疗。具体而言，我们将进行全年监测， 多种病毒和细菌呼吸道病原体的负担，包括但不限于SARS-CoV-2， 流感、呼吸道合胞病毒、人偏肺病毒、副流感病毒、冠状病毒、鼻病毒和 新出现的呼吸道病原体，如肠道病毒D 68。一组同期健康无症状儿童 向德克萨斯州儿童儿科实践提出良好的儿童护理将被招募为对照组。鼻子 和/或咽拭子将从有症状和健康的对照儿童中收集，并进行广泛的检测。 在Pedro Piedra博士的实验室中，使用分子方法对呼吸道病原体进行了研究，Pedro Piedra博士是一位国家专家， 小儿呼吸道疾病此外，我们将评估胃肠道病原体的负担，如 轮状病毒和诺如病毒。将对有症状的患者和健康对照儿童的粪便标本进行 贝勒医学院Robert Atmar博士和Sasirekha Ramani博士的实验室进行分子测试。 根据我们完善的程序，将获得所有儿童的完整疫苗接种史， 收集疫苗接种史。我们将计算基线和基于人群的呼吸道和肠道疾病发生率， 住院和艾德患者中的病原体。使用测试阴性研究设计，我们将计算疫苗 对流感、轮状病毒和SARS-CoV-2等疫苗可预防疾病的有效性， 对有症状患者和无症状患者感兴趣的病原体测试呈阳性的有症状患者， 对特定病原体检测呈阴性的健康对照。重要的是，TCH是一种典型的监视 网站由于大量的招生每年（> 36，000），种族和民族多样性的休斯顿 面积，以及TCH种群与群落的相似性。鉴于大量 每年的入院人数和当地神经病学专业知识的深度，TCH代表了进行年度- 对急性弛缓性肌萎缩症（AFM）儿童进行一轮监测，并将AFM的发病率与 循环呼吸道和胃肠道病原体。