Enhanced Surveillance for New Vaccine Preventable Disease

项目概要： 德克萨斯儿童医院的目标是建立和运行一个全年监测站点，作为一个更大的 国家新疫苗监测网络（NVSN），以更好地了解疫苗可预防的负担 新疫苗的影响以及疫苗政策变化的影响。为了了解这种疾病 轮状病毒或其他疫苗可预防疾病的负担，德克萨斯州儿童医院的监测小组 建议在急诊和住院治疗中招募有急性胃肠炎症状的儿童 在所有的赠款年。德克萨斯儿童医院急诊科每年治疗超过82，000名儿童， 从人口统计学上与大休斯顿地区的儿童相似的多县地区， 医院非常适合进行这种监测活动。粪便样本将从所有 在入学时或通过快递登记的儿童。将使用Rotaclone检测所有粪便标本 酶免疫测定法粪便标本轮状病毒抗原检测呈阳性的儿童，病例患者，将 然后与健康的患者进行比较，这些患者在德克萨斯州儿童儿科协会接受健康儿童 护理，控制病人。将从病例和对照患者中收集完整的疫苗接种史。疫苗 对轮状病毒和可能的其他疫苗可预防疾病的有效性将被确定。此外，本发明还 将从病例和健康儿童的一个子集中收集唾液样本，用于评估FUT 2分泌 抗原状态在资助第2-5年期间，我们建议与CDC合作以协助开发 并实施更多项目。这些项目可能包括但不限于 将监测活动扩大到其他疫苗可预防的疾病， 新疫苗对提供者政策和实践习惯的影响， 采用新疫苗后的儿童，涉及新研究开发的实验室研究 方法和与疫苗政策相关的卫生保健成本研究。

Project Summary: Texas Children's Hospital aims to establish and operate a year round surveillance site as part of a larger national New Vaccine Surveillance Network (NVSN) to better understand the burden of vaccine-preventable disease, the impact of new vaccine and the impact of changing vaccine policies. To understand the disease burden of rotavirus or other vaccine-preventable diseases, the surveillance team at Texas Children's Hospital proposes to enroll children with symptoms of acute gastroenteritis in both emergency and inpatient settings during all grant years. As the Texas Children's Hospital emergency department treats >82,000 children per year from a multi-county area who are demographically similar to the children in the greater Houston area, the hospital is well suited to conduct such surveillance activities. Fecal specimens will be collected from all enrolled children at the time of enrollment or by courier. All fecal specimens will be tested using Rotaclone enzyme immunoassay. Children whose fecal specimens test positive for rotavirus antigen, case patients, will then be compared with healthy patients who present to the Texas Children's Pediatric Associates for well-child care, control patients. Complete vaccination histories will be collected from case and control patients. Vaccine effectiveness for rotavirus, and possibly other vaccine-preventable diseases, will be determined. Additionally, saliva specimens will be collected from a subset of case and healthy children for assessment of FUT2 secretor antigen status. During grant years 2-5, we propose to collaborate with the CDC to assist in the development and implementation of additional projects. These projects may include, but would not be limited to the following: extension of surveillance activities to other vaccine-preventable diseases, evaluation of uptake and impact of new vaccines on provider policies and practice habits, longitudinal studies involving a cohort of children following new vaccine introduction, laboratory studies involving the development of new research methods, and health care costs studies associated with vaccine policy.