The Interplay Between Negative Emotion Differentiation and Emotion Regulation Problems in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

项目摘要/摘要 创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)的特点是经验、行为和心理状态的僵化 生理情绪反应。在暴露于创伤之后，不加区别地避免创伤- 相关线索有助于维持创伤后应激障碍，创伤后应激障碍往往是慢性的，并与无数 有害的个人和公共健康后果。尽管僵化的情绪反应一直是 被认为是创伤后应激障碍的关键维持因素，人们对创伤暴露者如何摔倒了解较少 这些有问题的情绪调节模式。最近的理论认为，区分不同物种的能力 离散的负面情绪允许个体提取与情绪相关的信息来指导有效的使用 为个人目标服务的情绪调节策略。当人们体验到负面情绪时 粒度越小，情绪信息就越不容易获得，并使人们面临适应不良的风险 情绪调节。消极情绪分化(NED)尚未在回避的背景下被考察 然而，在创伤后应激障碍中，或与生理不灵活的标记有关，这些标记被认为有助于 情绪调节问题涉及一系列临床障碍，包括创伤后应激障碍。因此，需要一种 跨多个分析单元的综合调查，以了解NED是如何赋予情绪风险的 已知的维持创伤后应激障碍的监管问题。这项拟议的研究的目的是阐明 NED在创伤后应激障碍中受损，并与回避和静息性呼吸窦性心律失常(RSA)-a相关 生理灵活性的标志-在实验室和日常生活中。该提案的目标包括确定 与没有创伤后应激障碍的人相比，患有创伤后应激障碍的人中NED受损(目标1)，无论NED是否与 自我报告的特质回避和日常创伤相关回避(目标2)，以及NED是否与 在实验室和日常生活中休息RSA(目标3)。鉴于NED被认为引导情绪调节 策略使用基于环境施加的需求，本项目还将检查NED是否 缓和回避和创伤后应激障碍之间的联系(目标4)。这些目标将使用来自 正在进行的由NIH资助的研究(1R15MH114142)对80名有和没有创伤暴露的社区成员进行了研究 创伤后应激障碍。创伤后应激障碍的诊断和严重程度、特质水平回避和休息RSA在实验室和三个实验室进行评估 每日监测采用生态瞬时评估日和动态生理评估日。 与创伤相关的回避、静息性RSA和创伤后应激障碍症状。拟议中的项目将使该油田向前推进 在多个分析单元中描述NED和情绪调节问题之间的关联 创伤后应激障碍。阐明NED和情绪调节问题之间的相互作用也可能为深入了解 创伤后应激障碍的病因和维护。作为NRSA F31建议书，此项目包括培训计划 包括正规课程、工作坊、体验式学习和创伤后应激障碍、情绪动力学方面的指导 和调节，自主神经心理生理学，动态评估，和多层次建模。

Project Summary/Abstract Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized by inflexible patterns of experiential, behavioral, and physiological emotional responding. Following trauma exposure, the indiscriminate avoidance of trauma- related cues contributes to the maintenance of PTSD, which tends to be chronic and associated with a myriad of deleterious personal and public health consequences. Although inflexible emotional responding has been identified as a critical maintenance factor for PTSD, less is understood about how trauma-exposed people fall into these problematic emotion regulation patterns. Recent theory posits that the ability to differentiate between discrete negative emotions allows individuals to extract emotion-related information to guide the effective use of emotion regulation strategies in service of personal goals. When negative emotions are experienced with less granularity, emotion information becomes less readily available and places people at risk for maladaptive emotion regulation. Negative emotion differentiation (NED) has yet to be examined in the context of avoidance in PTSD, however, or in relation to markers of physiological inflexibility that are believed to contribute to emotion regulation problems across a range of clinical disorders, including PTSD. Thus, there is a need for an integrated investigation spanning multiple units of analysis to understand how NED confers risk for emotion regulation problems known to maintain PTSD. The objective of the proposed research is to elucidate whether NED is impaired in PTSD and associated with avoidance and resting respiratory sinus arrythmia (RSA) – a marker of physiological flexibility – in the lab and in daily life. Aims of the proposal include determining whether NED is impaired among those with PTSD relative to those without PTSD (Aim 1), whether NED is associated with self-reported trait avoidance and daily trauma-related avoidance (Aim 2), and whether NED is associated with resting RSA in the lab and in daily life (Aim 3). Given that NED is believed to guide emotion regulation strategy use based on the demands imposed by the environment, this project will also examine whether NED moderates the links between avoidance and PTSD (Aim 4). These aims will be tested using data from an ongoing NIH-funded study (1R15MH114142) of 80 trauma-exposed community members with and without PTSD. PTSD diagnosis and severity, trait-level avoidance, and resting RSA are assessed in the lab and three days of ecological momentary assessment and ambulatory physiological assessment are used to monitor daily trauma-related avoidance, resting RSA, and PTSD symptoms. The proposed project will advance the field by delineating associations between NED and emotion regulation problems across multiple units of analysis in PTSD. Elucidating the interplay between NED and emotion regulation problems may also provide insight into the etiology and maintenance of PTSD. As an NRSA F31 proposal, this project includes a training plan consisting of formal coursework, workshops, experiential learning, and mentorship in PTSD, emotion dynamics and regulation, autonomic psychophysiology, ambulatory assessment, and multilevel modeling.