Longitudinal follow-up of brief parenting interventions to reduce risk of child physical maltreatment in a selected population

项目摘要/摘要：缺乏以证据为基础的、普遍适用的育儿方法 一种教育，教授体罚(CP)和其他形式的严厉教育的替代方法，以便 减少儿童身体虐待(CPM)的风险，促进儿童福祉。我们的长期目标是 加强简明、适应性广和可持续的干预措施的证据基础，旨在减少 广泛选择的和普遍的人群中的CPM风险。这项研究的目的是测试持续的 两种这样的干预措施的效果，三重P-Level 2(L2)和良好发挥，并评估其机制 使用混合方法的方法的效果。中心假设是，每一次干预都会更有效 在改善父母和孩子的结局方面优于对照条件下的1年随访。这样做的理由是 这项研究是为了填补初级预防育儿干预研究的关键空白，这些干预措施的目标是普遍和 选择广泛的人群，并可在初级保健和其他家庭服务环境中应用 降低黑石物理服务器费率。我们计划通过三种混合方法来检验我们的中心假设 具体目标：(1)建立两个简短的育儿干预对育儿的持续影响(1年) 行为和孩子的结果；(2)建立两个简短的养育方式的持续影响(1年) 对CP知觉禁止性规范的干预和对CP使用的支持；(3)深入了解 了解干预对家长管教策略选择的影响及其原因 选择他们，以及相关的社会背景。目标1和目标2将通过利用现有的 已显示短期(3个月随访)效果的随机对照试验。目标3，定性 阶段，将探索干预措施有效性的原因和障碍，并审查更大的背景 父母管教他们的孩子。这种方法是创新的，因为它解决了未得到满足的 可广泛传播的可获得的、以证据为基础的普遍和广泛的选择性育儿教育 通过初级保健和其他家庭服务设置。此外，通过使用混合方法方法，它 将有助于更好地理解计划效果的重要机制、障碍和促进者。 这项拟议的研究意义重大，因为它有望为两个简短的育儿方式提供关键证据 干预措施：打得好，三级P-L2。首先，我们预计减少严厉的父母教育会产生持续的影响 风险，包括父母批准和使用CP，以及改善儿童结局。此外，我们 希望深入了解与此相关的机制、障碍、促进者和社会环境 与CP使用有关的干预措施。总而言之，这些发现预计将有助于建立必要的严格的 育儿教育的证据基础可扩展到通过小学教育普及和广泛选择的人群 护理和其他家庭服务设置。这些是推进公共卫生的迫切需要的下一步 CP和CPM一级预防的探讨

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT: There is a lack of evidence-based, universally accessible parenting education that teaches alternatives to corporal punishment (CP) and other forms of harsh parenting in order to reduce risk of child physical maltreatment (CPM) and promote child well-being. Our long-term goal is to strengthen the evidence base for brief, widely adaptable and sustainable interventions designed to reduce CPM risk in both broad selected and universal populations. The objective of this study is to test the sustained effects of two such interventions, Triple P-Level 2 (L2) and Play Nicely, and to assess their mechanisms of effect using a mixed methods approach. The central hypothesis is that each intervention will be more effective in improving parent and child outcomes than the control condition at 1-year follow-up. The rationale for this study is to fill a critical gap in research on primary prevention parenting interventions that target universal and broad selected populations and that can be applied within primary care and other family service settings to reduce rates of CPM. We plan to test our central hypothesis by pursuing a mixed methods approach via three specific aims: (1) To establish sustained effects (1 year) of two brief parenting interventions on parenting behaviors and child outcomes; (2) To establish the sustained effects (1 year) of two brief parenting interventions on perceived injunctive norms about CP and support for CP use; (3) To gain an in-depth understanding of the impacts of the interventions on parents’ choices of discipline strategies, their reasons for choosing them, and relevant social contexts. Aims 1 and 2 will be accomplished by leveraging an existing randomized controlled trial that has demonstrated short-term (3-month follow-up) effects. Aim 3, the qualitative phase, will explore reasons for, and barriers to, the interventions' effectiveness, and examine the larger context in which parents discipline their children. The approach is innovative because it addresses an unmet need for accessible, evidence-based universal and broad selective parenting education that can be widely disseminated through primary care and other family service settings. Furthermore, by using a mixed methods approach, it will contribute to a greater understanding of important mechanisms, barriers, and facilitators of program effects. The proposed research is significant because it is expected to provide critical evidence for two brief parenting interventions: Play Nicely and Triple P-L2. First, we expect to find sustained effects of reduced harsh parenting risks, including parental approval for and use of CP, as well as improved child outcomes. Additionally, we expect to gain insight into relevant mechanisms, barriers, facilitators, and social contexts relevant to these interventions and related to CP use. Together, these findings are expected to contribute to a needed rigorous evidence base for parenting education scalable to universal and broad selected populations through primary care and other family service settings. These are critically needed next steps in advancing a public health approach to the primary prevention of CP and CPM.