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Impact of Environmental Modifications on Pathogenesis and Immunity of Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax Malaria

环境改造对恶性疟原虫和间日疟原虫疟疾发病机制和免疫的影响

基本信息

批准号：
10382276
负责人：
James Walter Kazura
金额：
$ 40.79万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-04-15 至 2024-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10382276
关键词：
Address Affect Africa Africa South of the Sahara Agriculture Anopheles Genus Antibodies Antibody-mediated protection Australia Behavior Binding Biological Biological Assay Biomass Biostatistics Core Blocking Antibodies Blood Clinical Data Collaborations Community Surveys Complement Country Culicidae Data Demography Detection Development Diagnostic tests Disease Ecosystem Enrollment Environment Environmental Impact Epidemiology Erythrocytes Ethiopia Ethiopian Ethnic Origin Exposure to Germ Cells Goals Hand High Prevalence Human Humoral Immunities Immune Immunity Immunoglobulin G Impairment In Vitro Individual Infection Intervention Irrigation Kenya Knowledge Logistics Maintenance Malaria Malaria prevention Mediating Membrane Membrane Proteins Memory B-Lymphocyte Modification Monitor Morbidity - disease rate Office of Administrative Management Parasites Pathogenesis Pattern Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Persons Phagocytosis Plasma Plasmodium falciparum Plasmodium vivax Population Population Surveillance Predictive Value Predisposition Prevalence Productivity Prospective cohort study Protein Binding Domain Proteins Public Health Recovery Research Research Project Grants Resource-limited setting Role Sampling Scientist Serology test Site Specimen Standardization Surface Time Vivax Malaria Water acquired immunity antibody test base blood group data exchange data management diagnostic tool feeding improved insight laboratory facility land use malaria infection malaria transmission malaria transmission-blocking vaccine novel seroconversion synergism transmission process vector

项目摘要

PROJECT 3 PROJECT SUMMARY Impact of Environmental Modifications on Pathogenesis and Immunity of Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax Malaria Hydropower dam and irrigation initiatives to improve and sustain agricultural productivity are underway in Ethiopia and Kenya. However, there is very limited knowledge of how these water and land use modifications will affect diverse malaria ecosystems and impact ongoing vector interventions that have decreased but not eliminated malaria transmission. Research in this project will address topics pertinent to understanding how rapid changes in intensity and geospatial features of Plasmodium falciparum vivax and P. vivax transmission resulting from environmental modifications impact naturally acquired immunity (NAI) to malaria disease pathogenesis and parasite transmission from humans to mosquitoes. From a translational perspective, the goals are to 1) develop, evaluate and validate in vitro correlates of NAI adaptable to standardized formats as population surveillance and diagnostic tools that could be used to predict resurgences or reductions of malaria morbidity, and 2) advance understanding of naturally acquired P. falciparum antibody-mediated transmission reducing activity. From a basic perspective, our goals are to 1) define the mechanistic roles of antibodies and complement in malaria immunity, and 2) fill in major gaps of knowledge related to NAI to P. vivax pathogenesis in Africa. These goals will be achieved through a collaboration involving field and laboratory facilities in two malaria endemic sites in western Kenya and three malaria endemic sites in Ethiopia with malaria research teams in the U.S. and Australia that have long standing working relationships with research scientists and malaria public health experts in Ethiopia and Kenya. This is integrated with the Epidemiology project, which will generate biological samples, clinical data, and antibody seroconversion data, and the Transmission project, which will determine whether vector species composition, biting behavior and spatial patterns of exposure to anopheline mosquitoes correlate with changes in transmission reducing immunity. The Administrative and Data Management and Biostatistics Cores will be critical to the logistics, management, and scientific value of this project.

项目3