Novel approaches for interrogating and manipulating synaptic function, structure and plasticity

询问和操纵突触功能、结构和可塑性的新方法

• 批准号: 10391457
• 负责人: Matthew J Kennedy
• 金额: $ 53.36万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-05-01 至 2028-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10391457
• 关键词: Address; Biochemistry; Brain; Brain Diseases; Cellular biology; Communication; Development; Goals; Information Storage; Knowledge; Learning; Link; Memory; Modification; Molecular; Neuraxis; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Shapes; Structure; Synapses; Synaptic plasticity; Time; Work; cognitive function; experimental study; in vivo; novel strategies; relating to nervous system; remote control; synaptic function; tool

Synapses throughout the central nervous system are sculpted by neural activity through changes in their size, shape and molecular composition, which either strengthen or weaken communication between neurons. This “plasticity” in synapse function is widely viewed as the central mechanism for information storage in the brain. While many forms of synaptic plasticity have been discovered and their molecular mechanisms intensely investigated, in many cases there is surprisingly little direct evidence linking them to the cognitive functions they are proposed to control. This has remained a challenge due to a lack of tools for rapidly and locally switching on or off the requisite biochemistry and cell biology underlying different plasticity mechanisms in real time, in vivo. We are developing new tools that fill this void with the long- term goal of addressing fundamental gaps in our knowledge concerning how synapses are modified at the molecular level through development and plasticity, how these modifications influence synapse/circuit function and ultimately the relevance of these mechanisms for important cognitive functions like learning and memory.

整个中枢神经系统中的突触是通过神经活动雕刻的 它们的大小，形状和分子组成的变化，可以增强或弱 神经元之间的沟通。突触功能中的这种“可塑性”被广泛看作 大脑中信息存储的中心机制。而多种形式的突触可塑性 在许多情况下都发现了发现的分子机制 令人惊讶的是，直接证据很少有将它们与它们所具有的认知功能联系起来 提议控制。由于缺乏快速和本地的工具，这仍然是一个挑战 打开或关闭必要的生物化学和细胞生物学不同的可塑性 实时的机制，体内。我们正在开发新工具，以填补这一空隙 解决我们有关突触的知识中基本差距的术语目标 通过发展和可塑性在分子水平上进行了修改，这些修改如何 影响突触/电路功能，并最终与这些机制的相关性 重要的认知功能，例如学习和记忆。