Paid Sick Leave Mandates and Mental Healthcare Service Use

带薪病假规定和心理保健服务的使用

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    10635492
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 64.12万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2023-03-15 至 2027-02-28
  • 项目状态:
    未结题

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Mental health disorders are common, chronic, and costly health conditions for individuals, families, and communities. Treatment options are available, but treatment is underused with less than 50% of adults and 20% of children with mental health disorder receiving treatment each year. There are myriad reasons for not receiving treatment. A potential barrier that has received limited research attention is the time required to receive mental healthcare, which can be time consuming. Time constraints are likely salient for the employed, who much schedule mental healthcare appointments – either for themselves or their dependents – around work hours. The U.S. is one of three industrialized countries that does not have a federal policy that allow employees to take paid time off to attend to healthcare needs of themselves and their families. As of July 2021, 14 states and 21 cities have adopted paid sick leave (PSL) mandates that confer on average 7 days of PSL per year, mandated PSL can be used for mental healthcare. There is strong public support among Americans for PSL, 84% support PSL, and states and localities continue to adopt PSL mandates. The long-term objective of our proposed research is to assist in optimal design in public health policies that allow employees and their families to receive valuable mental healthcare and improve mental health. Specifically, the immediate objective of our application is to use rigorous quasi-experimental methods (e.g., difference-in-differences methods) and high quality, reproducible data (both insurance claims and survey data) to estimate the causal effect of PSL mandates on i) access to PSL among employees with mental health disorders, ii) use of mental healthcare among employees and their dependents (e.g., children and partners), and (iii) indicators for potential quality of mental healthcare received. We will study the extent to which community-level factors (mental healthcare workforce infrastructure, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status) mediate the causal effect of PSL mandates on our outcomes. Our data sources are IBM Marketscan commercial claims and the National Health Interview Survey. We will perform analyses separate for adults and children, using variation from all state and city PSL mandates through 2022. A rationale for our proposed research is that mental health disorders are leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the U.S. and use of mental healthcare are below recommended levels and PSL mandates are currently being adopted across the country, raising the importance of understanding how PSL can be used to remove barriers to treatment. Our project is significant by providing new information on the benefits of mandating PSL and potentially removing an under-studied, but empirically important, barrier to treatment: time.
项目总结/摘要 心理健康障碍是常见的,慢性的,对个人,家庭和家庭来说是昂贵的健康状况。 社区.有治疗选择,但治疗未得到充分利用,只有不到50%的成年人, 每年有20%的精神健康障碍儿童接受治疗。有无数的理由不 接受治疗一个潜在的障碍,已收到有限的研究关注是所需的时间, 接受心理治疗,这可能是耗时的。时间限制对就业者来说可能很突出, 他们经常为自己或家属安排精神保健预约, 工作时间。美国是三个没有联邦政策允许 雇员带薪休假,以照顾自己和家人的医疗保健需要。截至2021年7月, 14个州和21个城市已通过带薪病假(PSL)规定,平均给予7天的PSL 每年,强制性PSL可用于精神保健。在美国民众中, 对于PSL,84%的人支持PSL,各州和地方继续采用PSL授权。 我们拟议研究的长期目标是协助公共卫生政策的最佳设计, 让员工及其家人获得有价值的心理保健,改善心理健康。 具体来说,我们的应用程序的直接目标是使用严格的准实验方法(例如, 差异中的差异方法)和高质量、可重复的数据(保险索赔和调查数据) 估计PSL强制性规定对i)精神健康员工获得PSL的因果影响 疾病,ii)员工及其家属使用精神保健(例如,儿童和伙伴), 及(iii)所接受精神健康护理的潜在质素指标。我们将研究 社区层面的因素(精神卫生保健人力基础设施、种族/民族和社会经济地位) 调解PSL任务对我们结果的因果影响。数据来源:IBM Marketscan 商业索赔和全国健康访谈调查。我们将对成人进行单独分析, 儿童,使用所有州和城市PSL任务的变化,直到2022年。 我们提出的研究的一个基本原理是,精神健康障碍是发病的主要原因, 美国的死亡率和精神卫生保健的使用低于建议水平,PSL要求 目前正在全国范围内采用,提高了了解PSL如何用于 消除治疗障碍。我们的项目是重要的,提供了新的信息, 强制PSL,并可能消除一个研究不足但在经验上重要的治疗障碍:时间。

项目成果

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