Peripheral BDZ Receptor - Biomarker of Neurotoxicity

项目摘要(摘要)：本研究的长期目标是了解(S)的作用 转运蛋白18 kDa(TSPO)存在于神经胶质细胞，尤其是小胶质细胞。TSPO是一种神经胶质应激反应 我们之前已经证实是脑损伤和炎症的生物标记物，目前 在世界各地用于临床前和临床正电子发射断层扫描(PET)成像研究。 TSPO是一种敏感的生物标志物，能够检测许多人的脑损伤和神经炎症 神经退行性和精神状况以及暴露于铅引起的神经退行性变 环境化学品。此外，我们目前正在使用TSPO作为神经毒性的生物标志物进行筛查 化学品的神经毒性，目前还没有关于其潜在损害大脑的信息。 尽管TSPO在临床和临床前研究中得到了广泛的应用，但关于TSPO的知识还很少 TSPO在神经胶质细胞(小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞)中的作用(S) 神经病理情况。这一提议旨在理解我们已有的一种新的相互作用 在小胶质细胞中发现TSPO和NADPH氧化酶(NOX2)之间的关系，这可能为 脑内活性氧簇(ROS)的产生和神经炎症的调节。我们严谨地呈现 进行了研究，展示了TSPO-NOX2的相互作用及其通过激活小胶质细胞进行的调节。那里 在拟议的研究中有三个具体目标。具体目标1将考察TSPO在小学阶段的作用 由野生型和全局TSPO基因敲除产生的小胶质细胞(TSPO-GKO)以及小胶质细胞特异性 条件性TSPO(mTSPO-CKO)小鼠。特定目标2将检查亚细胞定位和功能 TSPO-NOX2相互作用在小胶质细胞中的意义最后，《特定目标3》将检查神经学 TSPO缺失(全局和小胶质细胞特异性)在整个动物水平上的影响。合并后，建议的 研究将产生关于TSPO在小胶质细胞中功能的新信息。我们将使用最先进的 用分子和细胞技术了解TSPO在小胶质细胞中的功能。对…的准确理解 这种新颖的TSPO-NOX2相互作用将为设计治疗策略提供新的见解 涉及神经炎症的神经退行性疾病，因为NOX2参与了小胶质细胞介导的 神经退行性变。本研究课题与推进环境保护的战略目标1是一致的。 健康科学基础生物学研究是国家环境研究所的组成部分 健康科学战略规划2018-2023年：推进环境健康科学，改善健康2.0。

Project Summary (Abstract): The long-term goal of this research is to understand the function(s) of Translocator Protein 18 kDa (TSPO) in glial cells, specifically in microglia. TSPO is a glial stress response protein that we have previously validated as a biomarker of brain injury and inflammation and it is currently used in preclinical and clinical Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging studies throughout the world. TSPO is a sensitive biomarker that is able to detect brain injury and neuroinflammation in a number of human neurodegenerative and mental conditions as well as in neurodegeneration induced by exposures to environmental chemicals. Furthermore, we are currently using TSPO as a biomarker of neurotoxicity to screen the neurotoxicity of chemicals for which there is currently no information on their potential to damage the brain. Despite the widespread use of TSPO in clinical and preclinical studies, there is a paucity of knowledge on the function(s) of TSPO in glial cells (microglia and astrocytes), the cell types that upregulate TSPO under neuropathological conditions. This proposal is aimed at understanding a novel interaction that we have discovered between TSPO and NADPH Oxidase (NOX2) in microglia that may provide important insights on modulation of brain reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and neuroinflammation. We present rigorously performed studies demonstrating the TSPO-NOX2 interaction and its modulation by microglia activation. There are three specific aims in the proposed research. Specific aim 1 will examine the function of TSPO in primary microglia generated from wildtype and global TSPO knockout (TSPO-gKO) as well as microglia-specific conditional TSPO (mTSPO-cKO) mice. Specific aim 2 will examine the subcellular localization and functional significance of the TSPO-NOX2 interaction in microglia. Finally, specific aim 3 will examine the neurological effects of TSPO deletion (global and microglia-specific) at the whole animal level. Combined, the proposed studies will generate new information on the function of TSPO in microglia. We will use state-of-the-art molecular and cellular techniques to understand the function of TSPO in microglia. A precise understanding of this novel TSPO-NOX2 interaction will provide new insights for devising therapeutics strategies for neurodegenerative conditions that involve neuroinflammation since NOX2 is involved in microglia-mediated neurodegeneration. This research topic is consistent with strategic objective 1 in advancing environmental health sciences basic biological research which is an integral part of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences strategic plan 2018-2023: Advancing Environmental Health Science, Improving Health 2.0.