Stationary spectral encoding for multi-energy CT with energy-integrated detectors

具有能量集成探测器的多能量 CT 的固定光谱编码

• 批准号: 10645737
• 负责人: JINGYAN XU
• 金额: $ 21.8万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-07 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10645737
• 关键词: Abdomen; Affect; Algorithms; Clinical; Clinical Pathways; Clinical Treatment; Data; Dedications; Development; Elements; Engineering; Evaluation Studies; Foundations; Future; Generations; Goals; Image; Investigation; Maps; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Patients; Performance; Phase; Photons; Process; Property; Qualifying; Radiation Dose Unit; Roentgen Rays; Rotation; Scanning; Shapes; Source; System; Techniques; Thick; Thinness; Time; Tissues; Tube; Work; X-Ray Computed Tomography; cardiac vasculature; clinical application; clinical diagnosis; clinical implementation; clinical translation; computational platform; contrast imaging; cost; data acquisition; data exchange; density; design; detector; experience; fabrication; imaging platform; improved; interest; prevent; prototype; research clinical testing; response; voltage

Multi-material decomposition using spectral CT provides quantitative information on tissue composition. This information is beneficial for many clinical applications including CT imaging of the cardiac vasculature and the abdomen. Clinical implementation for spectral CT has taken different paths, such as using dual-source, fast kVp switching, and photon counting or sandwich detectors; each of these solutions has its own strengths and weaknesses. In particular, the limited spectral diversity of existing solutions limits the number of differentiated materials, leaving many clinical questions unanswered. The unmet clinical need for a satisfying spectral CT solution that is capable of multi-material decomposition motivates this proposal. We propose a practical solution to spectral CT using stationary spectral encoding. This technique is simple enough to be implemented at low engineering cost on all energy-integrating CT scanners. The key element in our solution is a ring- shaped, stationary spectral encoder that can be attached to the CT gantry opening. The spectral encoder is made of thin materials of spectrally diverse properties arranged around its perimeter. As the x-ray tube and the detector rotate around the patient, the emitted rays are continuously modulated by the encoder materials, thereby providing essentially endless possibilities in terms of spectral diversity. Multi-material decomposition is accomplished by advanced material decomposition algorithms that reconstructs the material maps directly from the spectral encoder CT data. The goal of this proposal is to develop and optimize the spectral encoder towards future physical construction and clinical evaluation studies. In Aim 1 we will build a computational platform to generate the spectral encoder CT data, and develop material decomposition algorithms. In Aim 2 we will optimize the stationary spectral encoder design parameters for the best possible material decomposition performance. These aims collectively provide a practical pathway for clinical translation: the results from these aims will guide prototype development, which then will be followed by real data acquisition with physical phantoms and patient studies. The proposed spectral encoder can be used for all CT scanners and will make multi-material decomposition widely available.

使用光谱CT的多材料分解提供关于组织成分的定量信息。这 该信息对于许多临床应用是有益的，包括心脏脉管系统的CT成像和 腹部光谱CT的临床实施已经采取了不同的路径，例如使用双源，快速 kVp开关和光子计数或三明治探测器;这些解决方案中的每一个都有自己的优势， 弱点特别地，现有解决方案的有限的频谱分集限制了差分的数目。 材料，留下许多临床问题没有答案。对满意的光谱CT的未满足的临床需求 能够进行多材料分解的解决方案激发了该提议。我们提出了一个实用 使用平稳谱编码的谱CT的解决方案。这种技术很简单，可以实现 在所有能量集成CT扫描仪上以较低的工程成本。我们解决方案的关键是一个环- 一种可连接到CT机架开口的固定式光谱编码器。频谱编码器是 由围绕其周边排列的具有光谱不同特性的薄材料制成。因为X射线管和 探测器围绕患者旋转，发射的射线被编码器材料连续调制， 从而在频谱分集方面提供基本上无限的可能性。多材料分解是 通过先进的材料分解算法直接重建材料贴图 从光谱编码器CT数据。本提案的目标是开发和优化光谱编码器 未来的物理结构和临床评估研究。在目标1中，我们将构建一个计算 该平台用于生成光谱编码器CT数据，并开发材料分解算法。在目标2 我们将优化静态光谱编码器的设计参数，以获得最佳材料 分解性能这些目标共同为临床翻译提供了一条实用的途径： 这些目标的结果将指导原型的开发，然后进行真实的数据采集 物理幻象和病人研究。所提出的光谱编码器可用于所有的CT扫描仪 并且将使多材料分解广泛可用。