COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake and Risk Mitigation Behaviors: Understanding the Role of Institutional Trust

COVID-19 疫苗接种和风险缓解行为：了解机构信任的作用

• 批准号: 10652864
• 负责人: Dhaval M. Dave
• 金额: $ 37.91万
• 依托单位: BENTLEY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-02-09 至 2026-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10652864
• 关键词: Address; Adherence; Adult; American; Authorization documentation; Behavior; COVID-19; COVID-19 pandemic; COVID-19 vaccine; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Collaborations; Communication; Data; Data Analyses; Data Sources; Development; Disease Outbreaks; Disparity; Econometric Models; Education; Environment; Ethnic Origin; Faculty; Federal Government; First Generation College Students; Funding; Future; Gender; Geography; Goals; Government; Guidelines; Health; Health Professional; Health behavior; Healthcare; Healthcare Systems; Heterogeneity; Incentives; Individual; Institution; Intervention; Knowledge; Link; Literature; Maps; Masks; Measures; Medical; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Patients; Phase; Play; Policy Maker; Politics; Population; Preventive measure; Public Health; Public Policy; Quasi-experiment; Race; Recommendation; Reporting; Research; Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Risk; Role; Science; Social Distance; Socioeconomic Status; Stream; Students; Therapeutic Intervention; Time; Trust; United States Food and Drug Administration; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Vaccination; Vaccines; Variant; Work; Writing; authority; avoidance behavior; data management; experience; future pandemic; health disparity; improved; individual response; innovation; longitudinal dataset; machine learning algorithm; pandemic disease; pandemic impact; payment; preference; public trust; response; risk mitigation; risk perception; social; sociodemographic group; socioeconomics; training opportunity; uptake; vaccine acceptance; vaccine hesitancy

Project Summary The COVID-19 pandemic has unfolded against the backdrop of diminished public trust in key social and public health institutions. This erosion of trust is problematic because it undermines individual adherence to key public health recommendations (e.g., vaccination, mask wearing, physical distancing) which are critical to managing the COVID-19 crisis as well as future pandemics. While an emerging sub-stream of literature has begun to unpack the relationship between trust and risk-averting behavior, very little is known about the causal relationship between trust in larger social institutions (e.g., public health agencies, government, the health care agencies and the broader health care system) and individual health behavior for the U.S. The goal of this project is to leverage longitudinal data collected over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic to provide the most robust assessment to date of the relationship between trust and individual adherence to key public health recommendations across space and time. The rationale for this project is that trust is a key determinant of not only effective COVID-19 mitigation but also the mitigation of future disease outbreaks. The objective of this project will be accomplished by three specific aims: (1) Estimate the impact of individual-level trust in social institutions on their vaccine intentions and vaccine uptake. (2) Estimate the impact of individual-level trust in social institutions on their adherence to public health recommendations or non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), including mask wearing, physical distancing, and shelter-in-place orders. (3) Assess how disparities in trust, spatially and across sub-populations (race/ethnicity, educational attainment and socio-economic status, political preference), map onto disparities in compliance with public health guidelines and risk-mitigating efforts. This project is innovative because it (a) leverages a unique longitudinal dataset to provide some of the first causal effects on the link between trust and a variety of risk mitigating behaviors (e.g., vaccination, mask wearing, physical distancing) and (b) utilizes a quasi-experimental design to both quantitatively and qualitatively assess variation in trust across time as opposed to merely relying on static indicators of trust and other key variables. The proposed project is significant because it will (a) uncover the relationship between trust and risk mitigation behaviors, a critical determinant of individual adherence with public health recommendations, (b) help identify pathways for improving public trust in key social and public health institutions, in turn helping policymakers and public health officials to better prepare for future COVID-19 waves and pandemic, and (c) inform the development of recommendations for mitigating the trust-gap between racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic groups.

项目摘要 2019冠状病毒病大流行是在公众对关键社会和公众信任度下降的背景下展开的。 卫生机构。这种信任的侵蚀是有问题的，因为它破坏了个人对关键 公共卫生建议（例如，接种疫苗、戴口罩、身体距离），这些对 管理COVID-19危机以及未来的流行病。虽然一个新兴的文学分支 虽然人们开始解开信任和风险规避行为之间的关系，但对因果关系知之甚少。 在较大的社会机构中的信任之间的关系（例如，公共卫生机构，政府，医疗保健 机构和更广泛的医疗保健系统）和个人的健康行为为美国的目标，这 该项目是利用COVID-19大流行期间收集的纵向数据， 迄今为止对信任与个人遵守关键公共卫生政策之间关系的最可靠评估 建议跨越空间和时间。这个项目的基本原理是，信任是一个关键的决定因素， 不仅有效缓解了COVID-19，而且还缓解了未来的疾病爆发。的目的 本研究将通过三个具体目标来完成：（1）评估个体层面信任对社会的影响 机构对疫苗接种意向和疫苗接种情况的了解。(2)评估个人层面信任的影响 社会机构遵守公共卫生建议或非药物干预措施的情况 （NPI），包括佩戴口罩，物理距离和就地避难命令。(3)评估差异如何 信任，空间和亚人群（种族/民族，教育程度和社会经济地位， 政治偏好），根据公共卫生准则和减轻风险的努力，查明差距。 这个项目是创新的，因为它（a）利用一个独特的纵向数据集，提供一些第一个 对信任和各种风险缓解行为之间的联系的因果效应（例如，接种疫苗，口罩 磨损，物理距离）和（B）利用准实验设计定量和 定性地评估信任随时间的变化，而不是仅仅依赖于静态的信任指标， 其他关键变量。拟议的项目意义重大，因为它将（a）揭示 信任和风险缓解行为，个人遵守公共卫生的关键决定因素 建议，（B）帮助确定提高公众对关键社会和公共卫生的信任的途径 机构，从而帮助政策制定者和公共卫生官员更好地为未来的COVID-19浪潮做好准备 和流行病，以及（c）为制定建议提供信息，以减少种族， 种族和社会经济群体。