COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake and Risk Mitigation Behaviors: Understanding the Role of Institutional Trust

COVID-19 疫苗接种和风险缓解行为：了解机构信任的作用

• 批准号: 10652864
• 负责人: Dhaval M. Dave
• 金额: $ 37.91万
• 依托单位: BENTLEY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-02-09 至 2026-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10652864
• 关键词: Address; Adherence; Adult; American; Authorization documentation; Behavior; COVID-19; COVID-19 pandemic; COVID-19 vaccine; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Collaborations; Communication; Data; Data Analyses; Data Sources; Development; Disease Outbreaks; Disparity; Econometric Models; Education; Environment; Ethnic Origin; Faculty; Federal Government; First Generation College Students; Funding; Future; Gender; Geography; Goals; Government; Guidelines; Health; Health Professional; Health behavior; Healthcare; Healthcare Systems; Heterogeneity; Incentives; Individual; Institution; Intervention; Knowledge; Link; Literature; Maps; Masks; Measures; Medical; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Patients; Phase; Play; Policy Maker; Politics; Population; Preventive measure; Public Health; Public Policy; Quasi-experiment; Race; Recommendation; Reporting; Research; Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Risk; Role; Science; Social Distance; Socioeconomic Status; Stream; Students; Therapeutic Intervention; Time; Trust; United States Food and Drug Administration; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Vaccination; Vaccines; Variant; Work; Writing; authority; avoidance behavior; data management; experience; future pandemic; health disparity; improved; individual response; innovation; longitudinal dataset; machine learning algorithm; pandemic disease; pandemic impact; payment; preference; public trust; response; risk mitigation; risk perception; social; sociodemographic group; socioeconomics; training opportunity; uptake; vaccine acceptance; vaccine hesitancy

Project Summary The COVID-19 pandemic has unfolded against the backdrop of diminished public trust in key social and public health institutions. This erosion of trust is problematic because it undermines individual adherence to key public health recommendations (e.g., vaccination, mask wearing, physical distancing) which are critical to managing the COVID-19 crisis as well as future pandemics. While an emerging sub-stream of literature has begun to unpack the relationship between trust and risk-averting behavior, very little is known about the causal relationship between trust in larger social institutions (e.g., public health agencies, government, the health care agencies and the broader health care system) and individual health behavior for the U.S. The goal of this project is to leverage longitudinal data collected over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic to provide the most robust assessment to date of the relationship between trust and individual adherence to key public health recommendations across space and time. The rationale for this project is that trust is a key determinant of not only effective COVID-19 mitigation but also the mitigation of future disease outbreaks. The objective of this project will be accomplished by three specific aims: (1) Estimate the impact of individual-level trust in social institutions on their vaccine intentions and vaccine uptake. (2) Estimate the impact of individual-level trust in social institutions on their adherence to public health recommendations or non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), including mask wearing, physical distancing, and shelter-in-place orders. (3) Assess how disparities in trust, spatially and across sub-populations (race/ethnicity, educational attainment and socio-economic status, political preference), map onto disparities in compliance with public health guidelines and risk-mitigating efforts. This project is innovative because it (a) leverages a unique longitudinal dataset to provide some of the first causal effects on the link between trust and a variety of risk mitigating behaviors (e.g., vaccination, mask wearing, physical distancing) and (b) utilizes a quasi-experimental design to both quantitatively and qualitatively assess variation in trust across time as opposed to merely relying on static indicators of trust and other key variables. The proposed project is significant because it will (a) uncover the relationship between trust and risk mitigation behaviors, a critical determinant of individual adherence with public health recommendations, (b) help identify pathways for improving public trust in key social and public health institutions, in turn helping policymakers and public health officials to better prepare for future COVID-19 waves and pandemic, and (c) inform the development of recommendations for mitigating the trust-gap between racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic groups.

项目摘要 新冠肺炎疫情是在公众对关键社会和公众的信任度下降的背景下发生的 卫生机构。这种对信任的侵蚀是有问题的，因为它破坏了个人对密钥的坚持 公共卫生建议(例如，接种疫苗、戴口罩、身体距离)，这些建议对 管理新冠肺炎危机以及未来的流行病。而一个新兴的文学流派已经 开始解开信任和避险行为之间的关系，对其中的因果关系知之甚少 对较大的社会机构(如公共卫生机构、政府、医疗保健机构)的信任之间的关系 机构和更广泛的医疗保健系统)和个人健康行为。 该项目的目的是利用在新冠肺炎大流行期间收集的纵向数据来提供 迄今为止对信任和个人对关键公共卫生的遵守之间关系的最有力评估 跨越空间和时间的推荐。这个项目的基本原理是，信任是不信任的关键决定因素 不仅能有效缓解新冠肺炎疫情，还能缓解未来的疾病暴发。这样做的目的是 项目将通过三个具体目标来完成：(1)评估个人层面的信任在社会中的影响 各机构对其疫苗意向和疫苗接种量的了解。(2)评估个人层面的信任对 社会机构遵守公共卫生建议或非药物干预措施的情况 (NPIS)，包括戴口罩、物理距离和就地避难命令。(3)评估在以下方面的差距 空间上和跨亚群体的信任(种族/族裔、教育程度和社会经济地位， 政治偏好)，绘制出遵守公共卫生准则和减少风险努力方面的差异。 该项目具有创新性，因为它(A)利用独特的纵向数据集来提供一些第一 信任与各种降低风险行为(如接种疫苗、戴口罩)之间的因果关系 佩戴、物理距离)和(B)利用准实验设计来定量和 定性评估信任随时间的变化，而不是仅仅依赖静态的信任指标和 其他关键变量。拟议的项目意义重大，因为它将(A)揭示 信任和风险缓解行为，是个人遵守公共卫生的关键决定因素 建议，(B)帮助确定改善公众对关键社会和公共卫生的信任的途径 机构，进而帮助政策制定者和公共卫生官员更好地为未来的新冠肺炎浪潮做好准备 和流行病，以及(C)为制定建议，以减轻种族、 种族和社会经济群体。