NATIONAL TRENDS IN SUICIDE BY AGE, GENDER, GEOGRAPHY, SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND MIGRANT STATUS AND MENTAL HEALTH

按年龄、性别、地理、社会经济和移民状况以及心理健康划分的全国自杀趋势

• 批准号: nhmrc : 107322
• 负责人: Prof Richard Taylor
• 金额: $ 9.91万
• 依托单位国家: 澳大利亚
• 项目类别: NHMRC Project Grants
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 澳大利亚
• 起止时间: 2000-01-01 至 2002-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://researchdata.edu.au/national-trends-suicide-mental-health/81869
• 关键词: NATIONAL; TRENDS; SUICIDE; AGE; GENDER

Suicide in Australia has become an increasingly important public health problem, chiefly because of increasing rates in some population sub-groups, and to a lesser extent because declines in other external causes of death have increased the prominence of suicide. Since the 1970s suicide rates have increased in young males and have eclipsed motor vehicle accidents as the dominant cause of death in this group. Suicide in the young produces a significant impact on years of life lost from premature mortality. Suicide rates have been shown to vary by socio-economic status, ethnicity, area of residence, age and sex. In NSW for example, suicide rates in young males have been found to have increased by 50% in urban areas, and by 5-6 times in isolated rural areas. Another study has shown suicide rates to vary by country-of-birth which in turn has an effect on its relationship with socio-economic status. However, not all studies have replicated findings in NSW. In Queensland, for example, it has been shown that male youth suicide rates in rural areas have not substantially exceeded those in urban areas. There have been very few studies at the national level of variations in suicide in Australia. Most studies of Australian suicide to date have been confined to state-level analyses or to very limited nation-level analyses. An additional spur to a whole-nation approach to suicide has been the nation-wide Australian Bureau of Statistics Mental Health and Wellbeing Profile of Adults and a similar mental health survey of youth. Thus for the first time it will be possible to relate population prevalence of self-reported mental illness to suicide rates. In short, the current proposal addresses the two major gaps in Australia in population suicide research: examining suicide at the national level with regard to geographic location, immigrant and socio-economic status; and correlating surveyed prevalence of mental illness with suicide rates.

在澳大利亚，自杀已成为一个日益重要的公共卫生问题，主要是因为某些人口亚群体的自杀率不断上升，其次是因为其他外部死亡原因的减少增加了自杀的重要性。自 20 世纪 70 年代以来，年轻男性的自杀率有所上升，并超过机动车事故，成为该群体的主要原因。年轻人自杀会对因过早死亡而损失的寿命产生重大影响。研究表明，自杀率因社会经济地位、种族、居住地区、年龄和性别而异。例如，在新南威尔士州，城市地区年轻男性的自杀率增加了 50%，偏远农村地区则增加了 5-6 倍。另一项研究表明，自杀率因出生国而异，进而影响其与社会经济地位的关系。然而，并非所有研究都在新南威尔士州重复了研究结果。例如，在昆士兰州，农村地区男性青年的自杀率并未大幅超过城市地区。在澳大利亚全国范围内对自杀差异的研究很少。迄今为止，大多数关于澳大利亚自杀的研究仅限于州级分析或非常有限的国家级分析。澳大利亚统计局在全国范围内开展的成人心理健康和福祉概况以及针对青少年的类似心理健康调查，进一步推动了全国范围内的自杀问题。因此，首次有可能将自我报告的精神疾病的人口患病率与自杀率联系起来。简而言之，当前的提案解决了澳大利亚在人口自杀研究方面的两个主要差距：在国家层面上从地理位置、移民和社会经济地位方面审查自杀情况；并将调查的精神疾病患病率与自杀率相关联。