Development of a culturally informed method of evaluating emotion socialization within Latino families

项目摘要 适应性情绪调节技能可以通过降低风险来帮助提高儿童的适应力。 与一系列风险因素相关的精神病理学，包括父母的精神健康问题， 虐待和暴力暴露重要的是，拉丁裔儿童和青少年的情绪风险增加 与欧洲裔美国青年相比， 2019年，有100万拉丁裔青年遭受痛苦，其中只有37%接受了治疗。支持发展 适应性情绪调节技能可能是减少这些差异的一种方法。然而，拉丁裔家庭 很少包括在儿童的社会情感发展的研究，因此可能会落后于 这一领域的干预措施取得的进展。儿童发展适应性情绪的主要手段 父母的情绪社会化教养行为（ESPBs）是调节能力的主要来源，包括 父母对自己的情绪反应进行建模，直接教授情绪和调节技能， 对孩子情绪表现的反应。ESPB与情绪功能和心理社会有关 因此，这可以成为干预的一个重要目标。然而，大多数什么 我们对这些育儿行为的了解是基于主要对欧洲人进行的研究， 美国样品有理由相信，拉丁裔父母的ESPB可能与欧洲父母不同。 美国父母，因为父母拥有文化影响的情感信念，指导他们的情绪。 反应和塑造他们的孩子的情绪体验，表达和调节。然而， 知道拉丁裔家庭有ESPB目前的研究旨在扩大我们对情绪的理解 在拉丁美洲家庭的社会化进程，并产生一个文化知情的措施，评估他们， 可以用来评估干预措施对养育子女和随后的儿童结果的影响。我们建议 利用探索性的混合方法设计，加深我们对拉丁裔家庭ESPB的理解， 建立一个了解文化和语言的有效方法来评估它们。定性和定量 方法将用于提高我们有效评估ESPB及其对拉丁裔儿童（年龄）的影响的能力 6-12）。具体而言，本研究将追求三个目标：（1）加强我们对拉丁美洲ESPB的了解 家长利用焦点小组与48拉丁裔家长，以提高我们的知识。该信息将通知 调整现有的广泛使用的评估工具，EAC（在其作者的支持下）， 仔细翻译成两种西班牙语版本，适合墨西哥或波多黎各人使用 （2）通过一个全国性的在线调查，检验修正后的EAC的因素结构和可靠性。 墨西哥或波多黎各血统的父母的调查;（3）建立修改后的收敛效度 EAC.有了这个工具，我们可以更敏感地开发和评估拉丁美洲人的ESPB干预措施 家庭

PROJECT SUMMARY Adaptive emotion regulation skills can help to promote resilience in children by mitigating the risk for psychopathology associated with a range of risk factors including parental mental health problems, childhood maltreatment, and violence exposure. Importantly, Latino children and youth are at an increased risk for mood disorders yet less likely to receive treatment, as compared to European American youth, with more than a million Latino youth suffering in 2019, only 37% of whom received treatment. Supporting the development of adaptive emotion regulation skills may be one way to reduce these disparities. However, Latino families are rarely included in research on children’s socioemotional development, and therefore may be left behind from the advances in interventions in this area. A primary means by which children develop adaptive emotion regulation skills is from their parents’ use of emotion socialization parenting behaviors (ESPBs), including parents’ modeling of their own emotional responses, direct teaching about emotions and regulation skills, and responses to their children’s emotional displays. ESPBs are related to emotional functioning and psychosocial outcomes in children of all ages and thus can be an important target for intervention. However, most of what we know about these parenting behaviors is based upon research conducted predominantly with European American samples. There is reason to believe that Latino parents’ ESPBs may differ from those of European American parents because parents possess culturally-influenced beliefs about emotions that guide their response to and shaping of their children’s emotional experience, expression, and regulation. Yet very little is known about ESPBs in Latino families. The current study aims to expand our understanding of emotion socialization processes in Latino families and generate a culturally informed measure for assessing them that can be used to evaluate the impact of interventions on parenting and ensuing child outcomes. We propose to utilize an exploratory mixed methods design to deepen our understanding of ESPBs among Latino families and establish a culturally informed and linguistically valid method for assessing them. Qualitative and quantitative methods will be used to improve our ability to validly evaluate ESPBs and their impact on Latino children (ages 6-12). Specifically, this study will pursue three aims: (1) Strengthen our understanding of ESPBs among Latino parents utilizing focus groups with 48 Latino parents to enhance our knowledge. This information will inform an adaptation of an existing widely used assessment tool, the EAC (with support of its authors) which will be carefully translated into two Spanish-language versions appropriate for use by individuals of Mexican or Puerto Rican origin; (2) Examine the factor structure and test the reliability of the modified EAC via an on-line national survey of parents of Mexican or Puerto Rican origin; and (3) Establish the convergent validity of the modified EAC. With this tool in hand, we can more sensitively develop and evaluate ESPB interventions for Latino families.