Characterization of socioeconomic and land use factors related to Aedes aegypti distribution in Maricopa County, Arizona

项目摘要 埃及伊蚊是登革热、黄热病和新出现的寨卡病毒的主要传播媒介 和基孔肯雅病毒。近年来，蚊媒疾病再次成为迫在眉睫的公共卫生问题。 世界各地的蚊子问题，因为蚊子的地理范围由于全球范围的扩大而迅速增加 贸易和旅行，可能是由于气候变化导致的气温上升。马里科帕县 亚利桑那州在发展人工智能方面存在潜在风险。埃及伊蚊传播疾病是由于确定存在埃及伊蚊 蚊子媒介和从埃博拉病毒流行地区来到亚利桑那州的大量游客。埃及伊蚊- 传播的疾病。事实上，平均有超过2500万游客从墨西哥(一个疾病肆虐的地区)越过边境 通过媒介传播)进入亚利桑那州。虽然已经有很多关于大范围分布的研究 在蚊子媒介中，对促进蚊子种群数量的当地因素或 蚊子的地理范围，特别是在沙漠气候中。目前还不知道是否有当地的 支持较大Ae的社会经济或环境特征。埃及伊蚊种群或蚊子如何 在当地人口之间流动。我们将结合使用统计分析、空间分析和 系统基因组学分析，以更好地了解支持蚊子种群的当地因素 以及蚊子种群是如何在时间和空间上移动的。该项目的长期目标是确定 持续支持Ae的小规模社会经济或景观特征。埃及伊蚊种群和 与亚利桑那州马里科帕县的媒介控制司一起实施干预措施，以减少蚊子 减少人口数量，从而降低疾病传播风险。这个应用程序的基本原理是 了解蚊子种群的分布、范围和运动是 实施有效的公共卫生努力，旨在通过预防来减少疾病负担和成本 蚊媒疾病的潜在暴发。 假设：声发射。埃及伊蚊将不会在马里科帕县全境均匀分布，部分地区 由于基础设施或景观特征的差异(与 社区的社会经济地位)，因此也是潜在的蚊子栖息地。此外，我们假设 基因上截然不同的种群将被很短的距离分开，并且将是特定的 邻里关系。 目的1：描述与Ae相关的邻里社会经济因素。埃及伊蚊数量较多。 目标2：描述与Ae相关的景观特征，如绿度。埃及伊蚊种群。 目的3：描述局部Ae的起源和相互间的迁移。区内埃及伊蚊种群 亚利桑那州马里科帕县。

Project Summary Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are primary vectors of dengue, yellow fever, and the newly emerged threats of Zika and chikungunya viruses. In recent years, mosquito-borne diseases have reemerged as a pressing public health issue around the world, as the geographic range of mosquitoes has increased rapidly due to expanded global trade and travel and potentially due to increased temperatures caused by climate change. Maricopa County, Arizona is potentially at risk for developing Ae. aegypti transmitted diseases due to the established presence of the mosquito vector and the high volume of travelers coming to Arizona from areas with endemic Ae. aegypti- borne disease. In fact, on average, over 25 million travelers cross the border from Mexico (an area with diseases transmitted by the vector) into Arizona each year. Although much research exists on the wide-scale distribution of mosquito vectors, there is less understanding of the local factors that promote mosquito populations or the geographic range of the mosquitoes, especially in a desert climate. It is not known whether there are local socioeconomic or environmental characteristics that support larger Ae. aegypti populations or how mosquitoes move between local populations. We will use a combination of statistical analysis, spatial analysis, and phylogenomic analysis to develop a better understanding of the local factors that support mosquito populations and how mosquito populations are moving over time and space. The long-term goal of this project is to identify small-scale socioeconomic or landscape characteristics that consistently support Ae. aegypti populations and implement interventions with the Vector Control Division in Maricopa County, AZ to reduce mosquito populations, thereby reducing disease transmission risk. The rationale for this application is that the understanding of the distribution, range, and movement of the mosquito populations is a critical component of implementing effective public health efforts that can reduce disease burden and cost by aiming to prevent potential outbreaks of mosquito-borne disease. Hypothesis: Ae. aegypti will not be uniformly distributed throughout Maricopa County, with some areas having larger populations due to differences in infrastructure or landscape characteristics (which are related to neighborhood socioeconomic status) and therefore potential mosquito habitat. Furthermore, we hypothesize that genetically distinct populations will be separated by short distances and will be unique to specific neighborhoods. Aim 1: Characterize the neighborhood socioeconomic factors associated with Ae. aegypti abundance. Aim 2: Characterize landscape traits, such as greenness, that are associated with Ae. aegypti populations. Aim 3: Characterize the origin of and migration between local Ae. aegypti mosquito populations within Maricopa County, Arizona.