Advanced Spatiomotor Rehabilitation for Navigation in Blindness & Visual Impairment

先进的空间运动康复治疗失明视障患者的航行功能 摘要 我们提出了一种全新的多学科的航海盲目和视觉训练方法。 减损。成功的导航需要发展准确而灵活的心理，或认知， 从水流到目标所需的航行空间和路线轨迹的地图 地点。我们在前面开发的认知-动觉(C-K)康复训练 Period利用一种独特的盲目记忆引导绘图形式，将认知映射发展到一个高水平 熟练程度。必须特别依赖于这样的心理地图(仅由触觉和 听觉输入)，以及当视觉与其 内置的空间功能丢失。然而，在定向和定向的实践中存在着根本的差距。 移动性(O&M)，这是缺乏对增强这些认知根源的特别强调 空间运动活动，尽管它们对视障人士的导航具有已知的重要性。 因此，我们建议对这一问题采取严格的多学科方法，该问题位于 空间运动康复、失明评估技术和脑功能领域，每个领域都是一个重点 只有一个特定的目标。为了训练成功导航背后的空间认知能力，目前 提案旨在将我们在前面开发的C-K康复训练的力量 为手动操作领域、航海领域给予期限。盲人和视觉上的 有障碍的受训者将很快学会如何生成准确和稳定的触觉探索认知地图 凸起的线条图像或触觉地图，以及如何使用形成的认知地图自信地指导两者 在地图尺度上绘制手绘导航，在宏观尺度上绘制全身盲目导航。一次 翻译成导航，我们的初步数据显示，这种高效和愉快的训练将迅速和 可持续地增强空间认知功能，以改善导航性能和 增强更一般的空间认知技能。 除了它的实际优势外，培训还将成为一种有效的驾驶和学习工具 通过全面的全脑多模式脑成像基于训练的神经可塑性机制 站台。如果没有快速有效的训练方案，这些神经再生材料很难正确学习， 这是以前从未提供过的。综上所述，该研究计划将克服相对 拓展神经科学知识与实用的失明康复方法之间的脱节。 所获得的知识反过来将为航海方面的进一步康复发展提供信息并使其受益。 在盲人群体中的熟练程度和更一般的认知功能。 好了！

Advanced Spatiomotor Rehabilitation for Navigation in Blindness & Visual Impairment ABSTRACT We propose a radical new multidisciplinary approach to navigation training in blindness and visual impairment. Successful navigation requires the development of an accurate and flexible mental, or cognitive, map of the navigational space and of the route trajectory required to travel from the current to the target location. The Cognitive-Kinesthetic (C-K) Rehabilitation Training that we have developed in the preceding period utilizes a unique form of blind memory-guided drawing to develop cognitive mapping to a high level of proficiency. Particular reliance must be placed on such mental maps (supported only by tactile and auditory inputs), and on the ability to use them effectively for spatiomotor control, when vision with its built-in spatial functionality is lost. There is, however, a fundamental gap in the practice of Orientation and Mobility (O&M), which is the lack of a specific emphasis on enhancement of these cognitive roots of spatiomotor activity, despite their known importance for navigation in the visually impaired. We therefore propose a rigorous multidisciplinary approach to this issue, which lies at the intersection of the fields of spatiomotor rehabilitation, blindness assessment technologies, and brain function, each a focus of one Specific Aim. To train the spatial cognition abilities underlying successful navigation, the current proposal aims to translate the power of the C-K Rehabilitation Training, which we developed in the preceding grant period for the manual domain of operation, to the domain of navigation. The blind and visually impaired trainees will quickly learn how to generate precise and stable cognitive maps of haptically explored raised-line images or tactile maps, and how to use the formed cognitive maps to confidently guide both drawing ’hand navigation’ on a map-scale, and whole-body blind navigation on the macro-scale. Once translated to navigation, our preliminary data show that this efficient and enjoyable training will rapidly and sustainably enhance spatial cognition functions both for improved navigation performance and for enhancement of more general spatial cognitive skills. Beyond its practical advantages, the training will also serve as an efficient tool to drive and study training-based neuroplasticity mechanisms through a comprehensive whole-brain multimodal brain imaging platform. These neuroplastic are difficult to study properly without a rapid and effective training protocol, which has not previously been available. Taken together, the research program will overcome the relative disconnect between expanding neuroscience knowledge and approaches to practical blindness rehabilitation. The knowledge gained will in turn inform and benefit further rehabilitative developments, both in navigation proficiency and in more general cognitive function in the blind population. !