Prenatal to Preschool: The Impact of the Pandemic on Mothers and children, with a focus on syndemic effects on Black families

产前到学前班：流行病对母亲和儿童的影响，重点是流行病对黑人家庭的影响

• 批准号: 10661084
• 负责人: Wanjiku Felicia Mbugua Njoroge
• 金额: $ 57.12万
• 依托单位: CHILDREN'S HOSP OF PHILADELPHIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-07-06 至 2027-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10661084
• 关键词: Achievement; Acute; Address; Adult; Adverse event; Age; Anxiety; Black race; COVID-19 pandemic; COVID-19 pandemic effects; Caregivers; Child; Child Behavior; Child Development; Child Health; Child Mental Health; Child Rearing; Clinical; Communities; Data; Development; Developmental Process; Diagnostic; Distress; Early identification; Education; Enrollment; Ensure; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemic; Exposure disparity; Family; Fathers; Fostering; Fracture; Future; Goals; Health; Healthcare; Healthcare Systems; Height; Housing; Impairment; Indigenous; Inequity; Infant; Institute of Medicine (U.S.); Intervention; Interview; Knowledge; Latinx; Link; Longevity; Longitudinal cohort; Maternal Health; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Methods; Mother-Child Relations; Mothers; Neonatal; Nursery Schools; Outcome; Parent-Child Relations; Parents; Perception; Perinatal; Personal Satisfaction; Postpartum Period; Postpartum Women; Pregnant Women; Prospective Studies; Psychopathology; Questionnaires; Reporting; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; SARS-CoV-2 exposure; Sampling; Secondary to; Series; Severities; Social support; Stress; Structural Racism; Structure; Surveys; Symptoms; System; Time; Toddler; Trust; United States; Woman; adverse outcome; behavioral health; black women; care providers; emotion regulation; ethnic diversity; ethnic health disparity; experience; follow-up; health care disparity; health disparity; health equity; improved; negative affect; neurodevelopment; novel; pandemic disease; pandemic impact; physical conditioning; pregnant; prenatal; prevent; psychosocial; racial disparity; racial diversity; racism; recruit; resilience; resilience factor; screening; self reliance; social; stressor; symptomatology; syndemic; therapy development; time interval; transmission process

SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The emergence of the COVID-19 global pandemic has had significant impact on the health and well-being of adults and children alike. In the United States, the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the fractures in many systems including education, the economy, housing, and healthcare, widening known racial disparities. This is of particular importance considering the criticality of the peripartum period on early neurodevelopment. Recent findings suggest that early maternal symptomatology can have lasting, and negative effects on parent-child interactions, infant/child development, and mental health of both women and children. Overall, these findings take on further importance when contextualizing the disparate exposure of Black children and their families to structural racism and the COIVD-19 pandemic. Although there is increasing knowledge of the impact of structural racism on child development beginning prenatally, mechanisms underpinning this transmission are still being investigated. Identifying women disproportionately impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and endemic conditions (syndemic) during the peripartum period, provides an opportunity to understand the developing child’s environment, mother’s mental health, and parenting experience, with the long-term goal of improving infant/young child neurodevelopmental and mental health outcomes by ensuring appropriate, precise, culturally- informed interventions. The proposed multi-methods project consists of three aims that will longitudinally examine child neurodevelopmental outcomes by early identification of racially/ethnically diverse mothers with mental health challenges. The first aim implements extensive screening of postpartum Black and non-Latinx White (NLW) mothers using a battery of questionnaires and clinical psychiatric interviews to identify mothers currently experiencing distress and psychopathology, as well as determining resilience factors uncovering cross- cultural differences that may exist. Fathers/secondary caregivers will also complete similar questionnaires assessing levels of support. The second aim identifies maternal concern about their child’s development and mental health at two developmental time points (24 and 48-months) and assesses mother/child interactions on a series of dyadic tasks. The final aim consists of qualitative interviews with a sub-sample of Black women characterizing the impact of the syndemic on their mental health, parenting practices, perceptions of their child’s early development, and trust in the healthcare system. The overarching goal of this application is to deeply characterize the experiences of women and children impacted by the syndemic, filling the gap in the research by identifying specific maternal and environmental factors and mechanisms that critically influence early child development and mental health and allowing for future intervention development.

摘要/摘要 COVID-19全球大流行的出现对健康和福祉产生了重大影响 成人和儿童。在美国，Covid-19-大流行突出了许多骨折 包括教育，经济，住房和医疗保健在内的系统，扩大了已知的种族分布。这是 考虑到早期神经发育的关键性，特别重要的是。最近的 调查结果表明，早期孕产妇症状学可以持久，对亲子的负面影响 妇女和儿童的互动，婴儿/儿童发展以及心理健康。总体而言，这些发现 当将黑人儿童及其家人的不同暴露于情境时，要采取进一步的重要性 结构性种族主义和COIVD-19大流行。尽管对结构的影响越来越多 关于儿童成长的种族主义从产前开始，基于这种传播的机制仍在 调查。识别受到199年大流行和内在疾病的妇女不成比例的影响 （集团）在期刊期间，提供了一个了解发展中孩子的机会 环境，母亲的心理健康和育儿经验，其长期目标是改善 婴儿/幼儿神经发育和心理健康成果通过确保适当，精确，文化 - 知情的干预措施。拟议的多方法项目由三个目标组成 通过早期确定种族/种族多样的母亲，检查儿童神经发育结果 心理健康挑战。第一个目的进行了产后黑色和非拉特犬的广泛筛查 白人（NLW）母亲使用一系列问卷和临床精神访谈来识别母亲 目前正在经历困扰和心理病理学，并确定弹性因素揭示了交叉 可能存在的文化差异。父亲/二级护理人员还将完成类似的问卷 评估支持水平。第二个目标确定了对孩子的成长和 在两个发展时间点（24个月和48个月）处的心理健康，并评估母亲/子女的互动 一系列二元任务。最终目标包括与黑人妇女子样本的定性访谈 表征集团对他们的心理健康，育儿实践的影响，对孩子的看法 早期发展和对医疗体系的信任。该应用程序的总体目标是深层 表征受辛迪克血性影响的妇女和儿童的经历，填补了研究的空白 通过确定严重影响早期儿童的特定材料和环境因素和机制 发展和心理健康，并允许将来的干预发展。