Mindfulness-based Interventions for Healthy Aging: Elucidating Neural Mechanisms of Focused Attention and Open Monitoring

项目总结 拟议的研究培训计划使用多模式EEG/fMRI方法来阐明心理治疗 老年人的正念干预机制(MBIS)。尽管mbi已经证明了 承诺解决快速老龄化人口的心理健康需求，人们对此知之甚少 确切地说，mbi在老年人中工作。因此，这项提议的长期目标是填补这一匮乏的 服务于促进健康老龄化临床和基础科学的知识。为此，重点是 该项目旨在研究集中注意(FA)和开放监测(OM)的发展-MBI- 通过冥想练习训练的特定技能--影响情绪调节的神经行为测量 以及认知控制作为老年人参与基于正念的压力减轻(MBSR)的功能。 本项目的预期参与者和数据将来自基于正念的纵向压力 减少，健康教育和锻炼(MEDEX；R01 AG049369)研究。而不是评估结果 在MBSR后的测量之前，拟议的研究将创新地利用Medex母样本，通过 比较完成MBSR的老年参与者与对照组的FA/OM实践。这项研究将 我是第一个严格研究FA和OM冥想期间的神经活动如何与“非正常”有关的人之一 “缓冲”是情绪调节和认知控制的目标措施。此外，功能磁共振成像和网络方面的培训 神经科学将被用来阐明MBSR对大脑内在连接的影响，并测试MBSR- 网络连接的相关改变可以预测FA/OM冥想的质量和心理治疗的程度 利益。 该项目的培训部分基于三个目标：(1)熟练掌握尖端功能磁共振成像技术 技术和数据科学编程；(2)获得以正念为基础的必要技能 针对老年人的干预研究；(3)寻求跨学科合作，以推动在 衰老科学和沉思科学的交集。培训将在三年内完成，通过强化的 相关分析技术的直接指导、课程作业和研讨会的计划。此外，还将有 沉浸在与老年人进行研究的实践中，并与知名企业进行研究合作 衰老和发育、认知神经科学、临床心理学和沉思等领域的学者 科学。完成拟议的研究和培训可以缓解与年龄相关的认知下降和 通过定制现有的mbi来优化老年人的福利，从而导致更健康的衰老，从而导致情绪障碍 人口。

PROJECT SUMMARY The proposed research training plan uses a multimodal EEG/fMRI approach to elucidate the psychotherapeutic mechanisms of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) for older adults. Although MBIs have demonstrated promise for addressing the mental health needs of a rapidly aging population, very little is known about how exactly MBIs work in the elderly. The long-term objective of this proposal is therefore to fill this dearth of knowledge in service of advancing the clinical and basic science of healthy aging. Toward this end, the focus of the project is to examine how the development of focused attention (FA) and open monitoring (OM)—MBI- specific skills trained through meditative practice—influence neurobehavioral measures of emotion regulation and cognitive control as a function of older adult participation in Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR). Prospective participants and data for this project will come from the longitudinal Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction, Healthy Education and Exercise (MEDEX; R01 AG049369) study. Rather than evaluating outcome measures pre-post MBSR, the proposed research will innovatively leverage the MEDEX parent sample by comparing FA/OM practice in older adult participants whom completed MBSR relative to controls. The study will be one of the first to rigorously investigate how neural activity during FA and OM meditation relates to “off-the- cushion” target measures of emotion regulation and cognitive control. Moreover, training in fMRI and network neuroscience will be used to elucidate the effects of MBSR on intrinsic brain connectivity and test whether MBSR- related changes in network connectivity can predict FA/OM meditation quality and degree of psychotherapeutic benefit. The training component of the project is grounded on three goals: (1) develop proficiency in cutting-edge fMRI techniques and data science programming; (2) acquire the requisite skills to conduct mindfulness-based intervention research for older adults; (3) pursue interdisciplinary collaborations to advance research at the intersection of aging and contemplative science. The training will be completed over three years via an intensive program of direct mentoring, coursework, and workshops in relevant analytic techniques. Furthermore, there will be hands-on immersion in conducting research with older adults, and research collaboration with eminent scholars in the fields of aging and development, cognitive neuroscience, clinical psychology, and contemplative science. Completion of the proposed research and training could mitigate age-related cognitive decline and emotional disorders by tailoring existing MBIs to optimize benefit for older adults, leading to a healthier aging population.