Modeling Correlated Signals in Memory Systems

项目摘要 在实验室中测量短期和长期记忆的主要方法是 直截了当的再认记忆测试，在这项测试中，人们被呈现给一个单一的项目，并 被问及在实验过程中是否看到了该物品。最近的工作在 然而，目击者领域表明，当人们看到多个类似的 测试时的项目-而不是测试时的单个项目-促进了它们的存储性能。 然而，目前还没有关于如何呈现相似物品的机械性解释 测试时可能会改善记忆力。此外，对类似物品的这种影响的正式研究还没有 已经超出了目击者记忆的范围。它实际上是未经审查的 其他记忆系统的背景，特别是长期记忆与短期记忆或刺激 在不同方面相似(即，在视觉维度和语义维度上)。这样做的目的是 因此，这项提议是双重的。总体目标是理论上的：开发和测试一个理论 测试时记忆信号之间的相关性如何由共享神经引起的框架 代表物品的群体，并可能促进记忆。该项目不仅会问如何 来自目击者领域的可概括的以前的工作是，但主要的新奇方面 解决这个问题的项目方法是它将利用计算建模来开发一个 综合理论框架，帮助解决如何特别是相似性的问题 在测试中呈现的项目之间的差异有助于记忆。第二个目标是经验性的：检验 这一发现的概括性在于，在测试中呈现的刺激之间的相似性会影响记忆， 对于长期和短期记忆系统，以及与视觉和视觉有关的刺激 语义维度。因此，该项目将是第一个在整个研究中测试这些影响的项目 不同的记忆系统，以及对基于它们的相关项目的研究 语义或视觉上的相似性。无论得到什么经验结果，这项工作都是 将对记忆研究人员和从业者产生广泛的影响，因为它将是第一次 时间，提供对类似项目影响的一般性或边界条件的洞察 记忆测试；此外，目前的工作将为认知神经研究人员配备 概念和计算工具，以检查这些效应的神经特征。

Project Summary The dominant method for measuring short- and long-term memory in the laboratory is a straightforward recognition memory test in which people are presented with a single item and asked whether the item was or was not seen during the experiment. Recent work in the eyewitness domain suggests, however, that when people are presented with multiple similar items at test —instead of a single item at test— their memory performance is facilitated. However, currently there is no mechanistic explanation regarding how presenting similar items at test may improve memory. Furthermore, the formal study of this effect of similar items has not been extended outside of the context of eyewitness memory. It is virtually unexamined in the context of other memory systems, particularly, long- versus short-term memory, or stimuli that are similar in different ways (i.e., across visual versus semantic dimensions). The aim of this proposal is thus two-fold. The overarching aim is theoretical: To develop and test a theoretical framework for how correlations amongst memory signals at test may arise from shared neural populations representing items, and may facilitate memory. Not only will the project ask how generalizable previous work from the eyewitness domain is, but a major novel aspect of the project approach to this problem is that it will leverage computational modeling to develop an integrative theoretical framework that helps address the question of how, specifically, similarity between items presented at test facilitate memory. The second aim is empirical: To examine how generalizable the finding is that similarity amongst stimuli presented at test affects memory, across the long- and short-term memory systems, and for stimuli that are related on visual and semantic dimensions. Thus, the project will be the first to test these effects across the study of different memory systems, and across the study of items that are related based on their semantic or visual similarity. Regardless of what empirical results are obtained, this line of work will have broad implications for memory researchers and practitioners because it will, for the first time, provide insight into the generality or boundary conditions for the effects of similar items in memory test; furthermore, the current work will equip cognitive neural researchers with the conceptual and computational tools to examine the neural signatures of these effects.