Modeling Correlated Signals in Memory Systems

项目摘要 在实验室中测量短期和长期记忆的主要方法是 一种简单的认知记忆测试，在这种测试中，人们只看到一个项目， 询问在实验过程中是否看到该物品。联合国最近的工作 然而，目击者领域表明，当人们被呈现多个类似的 测试中的项目-而不是测试中的单个项目-促进了它们的记忆性能。 然而，目前还没有关于如何呈现类似项目的机械解释， 可以提高记忆力。此外，对类似项目的这种影响的正式研究还没有 被延伸到目击者记忆之外它实际上是未经审查的， 其他记忆系统的背景，特别是长期与短期记忆，或刺激， 在不同的方面是相似的（即，跨越视觉与语义维度）。的目的 因此，建议是双重的。总体目标是理论性的：开发和测试一个理论 测试中记忆信号之间的相关性如何从共享的神经网络中产生的框架 表示项目的群体，并且可以促进记忆。这个项目不仅会问如何 从目击者领域概括以前的工作是，但一个主要的小说方面， 解决这个问题的项目方法是，它将利用计算建模来开发一个 一个综合性的理论框架，有助于解决如何，具体来说，相似性的问题， 在测试中呈现的项目之间促进记忆。第二个目的是实证：检验 在测试中呈现的刺激之间的相似性影响记忆， 在长期和短期记忆系统中，以及与视觉和 语义维度因此，该项目将是第一个在整个研究中测试这些影响的项目。 不同的记忆系统，并在研究的项目是相关的基础上，他们的 语义或视觉相似性。不管得到什么样的实证结果，这一行的工作 将对记忆研究者和实践者产生广泛的影响，因为它首先会 时间，提供洞察力的一般性或边界条件的影响，类似的项目， 记忆测试;此外，目前的工作将使认知神经研究人员具备 概念和计算工具来检查这些影响的神经签名。

Project Summary The dominant method for measuring short- and long-term memory in the laboratory is a straightforward recognition memory test in which people are presented with a single item and asked whether the item was or was not seen during the experiment. Recent work in the eyewitness domain suggests, however, that when people are presented with multiple similar items at test —instead of a single item at test— their memory performance is facilitated. However, currently there is no mechanistic explanation regarding how presenting similar items at test may improve memory. Furthermore, the formal study of this effect of similar items has not been extended outside of the context of eyewitness memory. It is virtually unexamined in the context of other memory systems, particularly, long- versus short-term memory, or stimuli that are similar in different ways (i.e., across visual versus semantic dimensions). The aim of this proposal is thus two-fold. The overarching aim is theoretical: To develop and test a theoretical framework for how correlations amongst memory signals at test may arise from shared neural populations representing items, and may facilitate memory. Not only will the project ask how generalizable previous work from the eyewitness domain is, but a major novel aspect of the project approach to this problem is that it will leverage computational modeling to develop an integrative theoretical framework that helps address the question of how, specifically, similarity between items presented at test facilitate memory. The second aim is empirical: To examine how generalizable the finding is that similarity amongst stimuli presented at test affects memory, across the long- and short-term memory systems, and for stimuli that are related on visual and semantic dimensions. Thus, the project will be the first to test these effects across the study of different memory systems, and across the study of items that are related based on their semantic or visual similarity. Regardless of what empirical results are obtained, this line of work will have broad implications for memory researchers and practitioners because it will, for the first time, provide insight into the generality or boundary conditions for the effects of similar items in memory test; furthermore, the current work will equip cognitive neural researchers with the conceptual and computational tools to examine the neural signatures of these effects.