Epidemiology and Genetics of Susceptibility to COVID-19 Infection

COVID-19 感染易感性的流行病学和遗传学

• 批准号: 10702965
• 负责人: Sharon A. Savage
• 金额: $ 59.12万
• 依托单位: DIVISION OF CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10702965
• 关键词: 2019-nCoV; Acute; Acute respiratory infection; Authorization documentation; Biological Markers; COVID-19; COVID-19 impact; COVID-19 monitoring; COVID-19 pandemic; COVID-19 risk; Cessation of life; China; Clinical; Communicable Diseases; Communities; Coronavirus; Data; Death Rate; Deposition; Descriptive Epidemiology; Disease; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics; Epidemiology; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Individual; Infection; Life; Malignant Neoplasms; Multiple Organ Failure; Outcome; Pneumonia; Population; Prevention Measures; Public Health; Research Personnel; Respiratory Failure; Risk; SARS-CoV-2 infection; Scientist; Symptoms; Syndrome; Testing; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; comorbidity; data sharing; effective therapy; epidemiology study; genetic variant; multidisciplinary; pandemic disease; respiratory; severe COVID-19

Infection by the acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) results in the infectious disease syndrome known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). SARS-CoV-2 was originally described in late 2019 in Wuhan, China and has since spread throughout the world causing the 2019-2020 COVID-19 pandemic. While many individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection may have mild or few symptoms, others have life threatening illness including severe pneumonia and multi-organ failure. As of May 12, 2020, there have been 1,342,594 cases and 80,820 deaths in the United States due to COVID-19 (https://cdc.gov). This approximately 6% death rate and lack of effective treatment or prevention measures illustrates the urgent need to understand factors associated with risk of severe COVID-19 disease. Irrespective of the actual rate of severe disease and death, it is clear that there will be enormous numbers of severe cases worldwide and management strategies are desperately needed.This is a multi-disciplinary collaborative project with the primary aim of understanding why some individuals with COVID-19 infection have mild clinical symptoms, while others have very severe disease resulting in respiratory failure, multi-organ failure, and death. The multiple aims of this project utilize the wide-ranging expertise of scientists in the Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI1) Identify common and rare germline genetic variants associated with risk of COVID-19 infection and outcomes; 2) Identify other biomarkers associated with risk of COVID-19 infection and outcomes; 3) Characterize the contribution of co-morbid conditions, including current or prior cancer to COVID-19 infection and outcomes; 4) Conduct descriptive epidemiology studies aimed at understanding the population-level consequences of COVID-19 on public health and disease; 5) Identify optimal testing strategies to detect and monitor COVID-19 in populations; and 6) Deposit and share data as fast as possible to allow community analyses by bona-fide researchers who seek permission to analyze the data according to NIH data sharing precepts.

急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 感染会导致传染病综合征，称为 2019 冠状病毒病 (COVID-19)。 SARS-CoV-2 最初于 2019 年底在中国武汉被描述，此后已传播到世界各地，导致 2019-2020 年 COVID-19 大流行。虽然许多 SARS-CoV-2 感染者可能有轻微或很少的症状，但其他人则患有危及生命的疾病，包括严重肺炎和多器官衰竭。截至 2020 年 5 月 12 日，美国已有 1,342,594 例 COVID-19 病例和 80,820 例死亡 (https://cdc.gov)。大约 6% 的死亡率以及缺乏有效的治疗或预防措施表明迫切需要了解与严重 COVID-19 疾病风险相关的因素。无论严重疾病和死亡率的实际发生率如何，很明显，全世界都会出现大量严重病例，迫切需要管理策略。这是一个多学科合作项目，主要目的是了解为什么一些感染了 COVID-19 的个体具有轻微的临床症状，而其他人则患有非常严重的疾病，导致呼吸衰竭、多器官衰竭和死亡。该项目的多个目标利用了 NCI 癌症流行病学和遗传学部门科学家的广泛专业知识1) 识别与 COVID-19 感染风险和结果相关的常见和罕见种系遗传变异； 2) 确定与 COVID-19 感染风险和结果相关的其他生物标志物； 3) 描述合并症（包括当前或既往癌症）对 COVID-19 感染和结果的影响； 4) 进行描述性流行病学研究，旨在了解 COVID-19 对公共卫生和疾病在人群层面的影响； 5) 确定最佳检测策略以检测和监测人群中的 COVID-19； 6) 尽快存储和共享数据，以便真正的研究人员能够根据 NIH 数据共享规则寻求分析数据的许可，进行社区分析。