New Technologies for the Remediation of Halogenated Organics

卤代有机物修复新技术

• 批准号: 7407414
• 负责人: Eric A Betterton
• 金额: $ 23.52万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7407414
• 关键词: Academy; Address; Air; Anodes; Area; Automobiles; Biological; Carbon; Cathodes; Cell membrane; Cells; Charge; Chemicals; Chlorinated Hydrocarbons; Complement; Complex; Consumption; Coupling; Data; Decontamination; Development; Devices; Diffusion; Dioxins; Electrodes; Electrolyses; Electrolytes; Elements; Engineering; Feasibility Studies; Furans; Gases; Halogenated Hydrocarbons; Hazard Identification; Hazardous Waste; Health; Heating; High temperature of physical object; Hydrogen; Incineration; Investigation; Kinetics; Laboratories; Link; Liquid substance; Membrane; Metals; Methodology; Methods; Mind; Natural regeneration; Operative Surgical Procedures; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen; Performance; Phase; Poisoning; Process; Production; Propane; Protons; Pump; Purpose; Range; Reaction; Reducing Agents; Relative (related person); Research; Resistance; Risk; Site; Soil; Solid; Solvents; Standards of Weights and Measures; Stream; Surface; System; Techniques; Technology; Temperature; Tetrachloroethylene; Toxic effect; Translations; Trichloroethylene; Tube; Water; Work; absorption; aqueous; base; catalyst; cold temperature; commercialization; cost; dehalogenation; density; design; furan; ground water; interest; mathematical model; new technology; novel; oxidation; planetary Atmosphere; pollutant; remediation; research study; response; success; superfund site; technology development; vapor

The "Halogenated Organics" project is proposing three Study Areas, each of which is related to the central theme of treating contaminated soil vapor and ground water with an emphasis on destruction of the target pollutant, rather than capture and disposal. We will focus mainly, although not exclusively, on methods for the destruction of perchloroethylene (PCE) and trichloroethylene (TCE), which have been the subject of extensive study in our laboratories, and which dominate the list of VOC contaminants at the nearby Park-Euclid State Superfund site, where we have worked for the past four years. This work is motivated by difficulties associated with destruction or final disposal of chlorinated solvents that are traditionally recovered from contaminated sites via pump-and-treat or soil-vapor-extraction (SVE) methods, which, in themselves, merely transfer contaminants from one medium to another. For example, when activated carbon absorption units become loaded with PCE the spent carbon itself becomes a hazardous waste and must be handled as such. Subsequent high-temperature incineration of the carbon may produce much more toxic contaminants such as dioxins and furans whose release to the atmosphere might pose an even greater health risk. With this in mind, the three Study Areas focus on chemically reducing or oxidizing gaseous or aqueous chlorinated organics using catalytic thermochemical or electrochemical techniques: 1) Catalyzed thermochemical destruction of gas phase VOCs, 2) electrolysis by advanced aqueous-phase and novel three-phase electrochemical reactors, and 3) fuel-cells for gas-phase contaminants. Each of the Study Areas will yield effluent streams with unknown, but hopefully lower, toxicity. In all cases, we intend capturing the effluent, even if it appears clean by chemical analysis (GC/ECD, FID, or MS), and subjecting it to toxicological analysis in the Biological Response Section of the Hazard Identification Core. Since all out pilot-scale work will continue to be done at the Park-Euclid field site there is a strong, and pervasive link to the Research Translation Core. This work is responsive to the call from a 1997 National Academies blue ribbon panel for the development of new destructive treatment technologies to help clean up the nation's long list of Superfund sites.

“卤化有机物”项目提出了三个研究领域，每个研究领域都与处理受污染的土壤蒸气和地下水的中心主题相关，重点是破坏目标污染物，而不是捕获和处置。我们将主要（但不是唯一）关注四氯乙烯 (PCE) 和三氯乙烯 (TCE) 的销毁方法，这两种物质一直是我们实验室广泛研究的主题，并且在附近的 Park-Euclid 州立超级基金场地的 VOC 污染物清单中占主导地位，过去四年我们一直在那里工作。这项工作的动机是与氯化溶剂的销毁或最终处置相关的困难，这些溶剂传统上通过泵处理或土壤蒸汽萃取（SVE）从污染场地回收 这些方法本身只是将污染物从一种介质转移到另一种介质。例如，当活性炭吸收装置装载有四氯乙烯时，废碳本身就成为危险废物，必须按原样进行处理。随后的高温焚烧碳可能会产生更多的有毒污染物，例如二恶英和呋喃，它们释放到大气中可能会造成更大的健康风险。考虑到这一点，三个研究领域重点关注使用催化热化学或电化学技术对气态或水性氯化有机物进行化学还原或氧化：1）气相VOC的催化热化学破坏，2）通过先进的水相和新型三相电化学反应器进行电解，以及3）用于气相污染物的燃料电池。 每个研究区域都会产生毒性未知但希望较低的废水流。在所有情况下，我们都打算捕获废水，即使化学分析（GC/ECD、FID 或 MS）显示其干净，并在危害识别核心的生物反应部分对其进行毒理学分析。由于所有试点工作将继续在 Park-Euclid 现场进行，因此与研究翻译核心有着强大而普遍的联系。 这项工作是响应 1997 年美国国家科学院蓝带小组的号召，要求开发新的破坏性处理技术，以帮助清理国家一长串的超级基金场地。