Detection and Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer

描述（由申请人提供）：胰腺癌是最阴险的癌症之一。最近对新发癌症病例的估计显示，胰腺癌在女性和男性中分别位居第八和第九。然而，它是导致女性和男性所有癌症死亡的第四大原因，仅次于肺癌、结肠直肠癌、前列腺癌和乳腺癌。由于肿瘤的位置和悄无声息的生长，大多数患者出现的时候已经太晚了，无法接受任何现实的治疗。这意味着5年生存率不到3%。在最近的一份报告“胰腺癌：行动议程”中，NCI的胰腺癌进展审查小组特别关注对胰腺癌“更好的筛查和诊断技术”的迫切需要，并建议“描述和验证有效的分子生物标志物”。考虑到这一点，我们打算开发和评估基于PAM4、抗muc1抗体的免疫分析法的实用性，以检测、诊断和提供这种疾病的管理。虽然已经有一些关于抗muc1单克隆抗体与几种类型癌症反应的报道，但PAM4在其特异性和与之反应的表位的分子特征方面似乎是独一无二的，或者几乎是独一无二的。该提案的长期目标是确定可以与PAM4检测相结合的特定生物标志物，以提高胰腺癌的诊断准确性。这一建议的具体目标是目标1。目的：探讨生物体液中pam4反应MUC1免疫测定法作为胰腺癌早期检测和诊断手段的诊断准确性。目标2。研究MUC1表位结构表达的异质性，作为鉴定可能是器官和/或肿瘤“特异性/相关”模式的手段。目标3。通过多变量分析，探讨是否包括其他黏液蛋白生物标志物可以提高诊断准确性。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Pancreatic cancer is one of the most insidious forms of cancer. Recent estimates of new cancer cases put pancreatic cancer at eighth and ninth among women and men, respectively. However, it is the fourth leading cause of all cancer deaths in both women and men, surpassed only by lung, colorectal, prostate, and breast cancers. Due largely to the location, and silent growth of the tumor, most patients present at a time when it is too late to undergo any realistic type of curative treatment. This has translated into a 5-year survival rate of less than 3%. In a recent report, "Pancreatic Cancer: An Agenda for Action", the NCI's Pancreatic cancer Progress Review Group drew specific attention to the urgent need for "better screening and diagnostic techniques" with a recommendation to "delineate and validate effective molecular biomarkers" for pancreatic cancer. With this in mind, we intend to develop and assess the utility of a PAM4, anti-MUC1 antibody-based immunoassay to detect, diagnose, and provide for the management of this disease. Although there have been several reports concerning anti-MUC1 MAbs reactive with several types of cancer, PAM4 appears to be unique, or nearly so, in terms of its specificity and the molecular characteristics of the epitope to which it is reactive. The long-term objective of this proposal is to identify specific biomarkers that can be combined with the PAM4 assay for enhanced diagnostic accuracy of pancreatic cancer. The specific aims of this proposal are Aim 1. To investigate the diagnostic accuracy of an immunoassay for the quantitation of PAM4-reactive MUC1 in biological fluids as a means for early detection and diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Aim 2. To investigate the heterogeneity in expression of MUC1 epitope structures as a means to identify patterns that may be organ and/or tumor "specific/associated". Aim 3. To investigate whether inclusion of other mucin biomarkers can increase diagnostic accuracy through multivariate analyses.