The Role of Peer Relations on Youth Eating and Choices of Activities

同伴关系对青少年饮食和活动选择的作用

• 批准号: 7615505
• 负责人: Sarah-Jeanne Salvy
• 金额: $ 33.68万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-05-01 至 2011-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7615505
• 关键词: 14 year old; Adherence; Behavior; Behavioral; Body Weight decreased; Calories; Child; Consumption; Eating; Eating Behavior; Emotional; Energy Intake; Exposure to; Food; Food Energy; Friends; Friendships; Glacier; Health; Health behavior; Hyperphagia; Laboratories; Lead; Left; Leisure Activities; Modeling; Nutrient; Overweight; Participant; Pattern; Physical activity; Play; Randomized; Recommendation; Reporting; Research; Role; Social Behavior; Social Conditions; Social isolation; Students; Symptoms; Testing; Time; Victimization; Weight; Well in self; Work; Youth; cost; design; experience; high school; improved; indexing; obesogenic; peer; peer influence; peer victimization; psychological distress; public health relevance; research study; response; sedentary; skills; social; social cognition; tv watching

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): While the social and emotional costs of friendlessness and peer rejection are well-known, few studies have tested whether peer relationships and friendships impact youths' health by altering their eating behavior and physical activity. The proposed research is designed to assess whether peer relations and friendship can promote changes in food intake and choice of activities. Specific Aim 1 will test the hypothesis that "assortative friendship" in overweight children reinforces and maintains overeating, time allocation to sedentary behavior and social markers of victimization. Overweight and normal-weight participants will be tested on three occasions: with an unfamiliar peer, with a friend and alone. Time allocation to eating and activities and food intake will be compared across sessions. Friendship quality, peer victimization, social cognitions and internalizing symptoms will be assessed on the last session completed. We expect overweight friends to share more obesigenic behaviors such as less time allocation to active leisure activities, more time engaged in eating and greater energy consumption. We also predict similarity between overweight children and their mutual friends in the extent to which they report peer victimization and internalizing symptoms, but that a high quality friendship will diminish psychological distress. Specific Aim 2 will test whether the behavior of peers and friends may be used to modify youths' eating and time allocation to alternative activities, using a modeling paradigm. Overweight and normal-weight youths will be exposed to an informational video on healthy eating and physical activity or a control video (study skills). Then we will assess whether the child exposed to the healthy behavior video influences the eating behavior and activities of a friend or an unfamiliar peer depending on the experimental condition. It is hypothesized that exposure to the healthy video will predict food intake and choices of activities of the other child in the dyad, whereas exposure to a control video will not predict these variables. Specific Aim 3 will determine whether friends and peers can modify the reinforcing value of physical activity in overweight and lean youths, using a behavioral choice paradigm. The amount of work youth perform to gain access to food and to physical activity will be compared when physical activity is performed alone and when it is performed with a friend or with a peer depending on the experimental condition. The prediction is that overweight youth will show a biased allocation of their pattern of responses to gain access to food points when alone and when the alternative involves being physically active in the presence of an unfamiliar peer. However, the presence of a friend will increase the reinforcing value of physical activity in overweight youth. This research is designed to understand the role of peers and friends in youth adherence to health recommendations. Public Health Relevance: The proposed research is designed to assess whether peer relationships and friendship can promote changes in food intake and choice of activities. Findings from this study may improve understanding of barriers to weight loss in overweight youths and past non-adherence to health recommendations.

描述(由申请者提供)：虽然缺乏友谊和同伴拒绝的社会和情感代价是众所周知的，但很少有研究测试同伴关系和友谊是否会通过改变年轻人的饮食行为和身体活动来影响他们的健康。这项拟议的研究旨在评估同伴关系和友谊是否可以促进食物摄入量和活动选择的变化。具体目标1将检验这一假设，即超重儿童的“分类友谊”会加强并维持暴饮暴食、久坐不动的时间分配以及受害的社会标记。超重和正常体重的参与者将在三种情况下接受测试：与陌生的同龄人、与朋友和独自一人。饮食和活动的时间分配以及食物摄入量将在不同时段进行比较。友谊质量、同伴受害、社会认知和内化症状将在最后一次会议结束时进行评估。我们预计超重的朋友会分享更多顺从的行为，比如更少的时间用于积极的休闲活动，更多的时间用于吃饭和更多的能量消耗。我们还预测超重儿童和他们的共同朋友在报告同伴受害和内化症状方面的相似性，但高质量的友谊将减少心理痛苦。《特定目标2》将使用建模范式，测试同龄人和朋友的行为是否可以用来改变年轻人的饮食和替代活动的时间分配。超重和正常体重的青少年将观看关于健康饮食和体育活动的信息视频或控制视频(学习技能)。然后，我们将评估接触健康行为视频的孩子是否会影响朋友或陌生同伴的饮食行为和活动，这取决于实验条件。据推测，接触健康视频会预测另一个孩子的食物摄入量和活动选择，而接触对照视频不会预测这些变量。具体目标3将确定朋友和同龄人是否可以使用行为选择范式修改超重和苗条年轻人的体育锻炼强化价值。青少年为获得食物和体力活动所做的工作量将在单独进行体力活动时与与朋友或同伴一起进行时进行比较，具体取决于实验条件。预测是，超重的年轻人将表现出一种偏颇的反应模式，当他们独自一人时，或者当替代方案涉及在陌生同伴面前进行体育锻炼时，他们的反应模式将偏向于获得食物积分。然而，朋友的存在会增加超重青年的体育锻炼的强化价值。这项研究旨在了解同龄人和朋友在年轻人遵守健康建议方面的作用。 与公共健康的相关性：这项拟议的研究旨在评估同伴关系和友谊是否可以促进食物摄入量和活动选择的变化。这项研究的发现可能会提高对超重年轻人减肥障碍的理解，以及过去不遵守健康建议的情况。