Understanding predictability of evolutionary trajectories

了解进化轨迹的可预测性

• 批准号: 10712637
• 负责人: Diana Jessie Rennison
• 金额: $ 38.27万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-01 至 2028-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10712637
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Agriculture; Biological; Biological Models; Biology; Breeding; Development; Environment; Evolution; Fresh Water; Gasterosteidae; Gene Frequency; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Engineering; Genetic Variation; Genomics; Individual; Laboratories; Medicine; Mutation; Nature; Organism; Pattern; Phenotype; Population; Positioning Attribute; Probability; Process; Public Health; Research; Source; Surveys; Target Populations; Testing; Textbooks; Translating; Variant; Work; experimental study; fitness; genetic resource; genome resource; innovation; predictive modeling; programs; response

Work over the last decade has provided tantalizing clues that the genetic mechanisms that underlie evolutionary trajectories may be more constrained and deterministic than previously appreciated. Whether the genetic basis of evolution is predictable or stochastic is a fundamental question in evolutionary biology, and the ability to predict evolutionary responses has critical implications for the fields of agriculture, medicine and conservation. Unfortunately, we are far from understanding the factors that underlie the predictability of evolutionary responses or the fitness consequences associated with alternative evolutionary trajectories in nature. Surveys of replicate populations adapting to the same environmental conditions provide an opportunity to quantify the repeatability of evolutionary trajectories and determine the factors affecting observed patterns of variation. Several genetic factors are hypothesized to affect the probability of a gene or mutation’s use during the process of adaptation. However, to date there have been few empirical tests determining the contribution of individual factors to patterns of gene re-use (parallelism) in natural populations. In the proposed work, we built upon our prior findings and combine innovative population genomics, genetic engineering, and experiments to answer three core biological questions: 1) How does parallelism translate across biological levels? 2) Which genetic factors affect parallelism? 3) What are the fitness consequences associated with genetically distinct, yet phenotypically similar, evolutionary trajectories? Our laboratory is well positioned to answer these profoundly important questions about the repeatability and predictability of evolutionary trajectories. Our model system for addressing these questions is the threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), a species with bountiful genetic and genomic resources. Stickleback are considered a textbook example of parallel phenotypic evolution; thousands of independently derived stickleback populations have repeatedly adapted to a variety of freshwater environments. We will survey several focal freshwater populations to examine the scaling of papalism across biological levels and to test whether the source and type of genetic variation or epistatic interactions predict the frequency of gene use during adaptation. The creation of genetically modified lines that differ only in their allele frequencies at candidate loci will allow us to test whether fitness coefficients can predict the probability of gene use (magnitude of genetic parallelism) in nature. Together this work will test several fundamental evolutionary questions and take a first step toward determining whether the development of a predictive evolutionary framework is possible.

过去十年的研究提供了一些诱人的线索， 进化轨迹可能比以前认识到的更受约束和更确定。 进化的遗传基础是可预测的还是随机的， 进化生物学，以及预测进化反应的能力对人类的进化具有重要意义。 农业、医药和自然保护领域。不幸的是，我们还远远没有理解 进化反应或适应性后果的可预测性的基础因素 与自然界中不同的进化轨迹有关。重复群体调查 适应相同的环境条件提供了一个机会，以量化的可重复性 进化轨迹，并确定影响观察到的变化模式的因素。几 假设遗传因素会影响基因或突变在治疗过程中的使用概率。 适应的过程。然而，到目前为止，很少有实证测试确定 个体因素对自然群体中基因重复使用模式（平行性）的贡献。 在拟议的工作中，我们建立在我们以前的发现和联合收割机创新人口 基因组学，基因工程和实验，以回答三个核心生物学问题：1） 平行性如何在生物水平上转化？2)哪些遗传因素影响 平行性？3)然而，与遗传上不同的基因相关的适应性后果是什么？ 表型相似的进化轨迹我们的实验室有能力回答 这些关于进化的可重复性和可预测性的非常重要的问题 轨迹我们解决这些问题的模型系统是三棘鱼 （Gasterosteus aculeatus）是一个具有邦蒂富尔遗传和基因组资源的物种。棘背鱼是 被认为是平行表型进化的教科书例子;成千上万的独立衍生的 棘鱼种群不断地适应各种淡水环境。我们将 调查几个重点淡水人口，以研究教皇主义在生物学上的规模。 水平，并测试是否来源和类型的遗传变异或上位性相互作用预测 适应过程中基因的使用频率。创造基因改造的品系， 他们在候选基因座的等位基因频率将使我们能够测试适合度系数是否可以预测 自然界中基因使用的概率（遗传平行性的大小）。这项工作将检验 几个基本的进化问题，并采取第一步，以确定是否 发展一个预测性的进化框架是可能的。