3/5-Cognitive Neuroscience Task Reliability & Clinical Applications Consortium

3/5-认知神经科学任务可靠性

• 批准号: 7693814
• 负责人: STEVEN M SILVERSTEIN
• 金额: $ 12.21万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MED/DENT NJ-R W JOHNSON MED SCH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-30 至 2011-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7693814
• 关键词: Activities of Daily Living; Address; Awareness; Characteristics; Clinical; Clinical Investigator; Clinical Trials; Clinical assessments; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive deficits; Consensus; Data; Development; Electronics; Ensure; Evaluation; Explosion; Floor; Goals; Human; Impaired cognition; Individual; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lead; Length; Life; Literature; Maintenance; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Modification; Neuropsychological Tests; Neurosciences Research; Outcome; Participant; Patients; Perception; Performance; Process; Property; Psychometrics; Reading; Recording of previous events; Recruitment Activity; Research; Retrieval; Sampling; Schizophrenia; Series; Site; Specialist; Standardization; Task Performances; Testing; Time; Translating; Translation Process; Translations; Validation; Work; base; clinical application; cognitive function; cognitive neuroscience; cognitive system; design; drug development; flexibility; functional outcomes; improved; interest; meetings; process optimization; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; response; success; symposium; theories; translational approach; visual control

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Over the past decade there has been a growing awareness of the disabling effects of impaired cognition in individuals with schizophrenia. Along with this new awareness has come an increasing emphasis on the importance of developing new treatments that may positively impact these cognitive deficits. During this same period, the cognitive neuroscience field has seen an explosion of technical advances and new knowledge regarding the neural basis of cognition. Sadly, the translation and application of this cutting edge knowledge and paradigm development to new drug development in schizophrenia has lagged significantly behind overall progress in cognitive neuroscience, in large part due to the lack of data on the measurement properties of tasks used in cognitive neuroscience. This concern spawned the Cognitive Neuroscience Research To Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia (CNTRICS) initiative, which conducted a series of conferences designed to develop consensus on the constructs and paradigms from cognitive neuroscience that are ripe for translation, and the validation and psychometric goals when translating such tasks for use in clinical trials contexts. The current application is a logical and needed extension of the CNTRICS initiative that will begin the translation process for paradigms designed to assess four of the constructs identified as being ripe for translation in the first CNTRICS meeting. We have brought together a collaborative "translation" team that represents significant expertise from the many fields necessary for the success of this endeavor, including both basic and clinical cognitive neuroscientists, psychometricians, and clinical trials specialists. We have chosen to focus on four constructs that span both early (gain control and visual integration in perception) and higher-level (goal maintenance, relational encoding and retrieval) components of human cognitive processing. By examining multiple mechanisms, we will be able to establish the generality of the translational approach we propose across different levels and types of cognitive mechanisms. Specific Aim 1 is to validate (in both individuals with schizophrenia and comparison participants) optimized versions of the paradigms that assess our four constructs of interest, as well as to examine the relationship of task performance to clinical and functional outcomes in schizophrenia. By optimization, we mean examining modifications on already validated paradigms that are designed to: 1) minimize task length; 2) simplify task administration across multiple sites; 3) maximize sensitivity and selectivity in assessing the specific cognitive mechanisms of interest; and 4) enhance reliability and minimize floor and ceiling effects. By validation, we mean ensuring that such optimizations designed to enhance the psychometric properties of the task do not alter its construct validity. Specific Aim 2 will be to assess and optimize test-retest reliability and practice effects for the task versions validated in Specific Aim 1. PROJECT NARRATIVE This project has high relevance for public health by significantly improving our ability to translate paradigms developed into the basic cognitive neuroscience literature for use in clinical trials aimed at improving cognition in schizophrenia. Cognitive deficits in schizophrenia are a major predictor of functional outcome in this debilitating illness. Thus, we need to improve our methods for detecting and enhancing cognitive function in schizophrenia in order to help individuals with this illness lead more productive and fulfilling lives.

描述（由申请人提供）：在过去的十年中，人们越来越意识到精神分裂症患者认知受损的致残作用。沿着这种新的认识，人们越来越强调开发新的治疗方法的重要性，这些治疗方法可能会对这些认知缺陷产生积极影响。在同一时期，认知神经科学领域出现了关于认知神经基础的技术进步和新知识的爆炸。可悲的是，这种前沿知识和范式发展的翻译和应用，以新的药物开发精神分裂症已显着落后于认知神经科学的整体进展，在很大程度上是由于缺乏数据的测量性能的任务在认知神经科学。这种担忧催生了认知神经科学研究以改善精神分裂症的认知（CNTRICS）倡议，该倡议进行了一系列会议，旨在就认知神经科学的结构和范式达成共识，这些结构和范式已经成熟，可以翻译，以及在临床试验背景下翻译这些任务时的验证和心理测量目标。当前的应用程序是CNTRICS计划的一个合乎逻辑和必要的扩展，它将开始范式的翻译过程，旨在评估在第一次CNTRICS会议上确定为成熟的翻译结构中的四个。我们汇集了一个合作的“翻译”团队，代表了成功完成这项奋进所需的许多领域的重要专业知识，包括基础和临床认知神经科学家、心理测量学家和临床试验专家。我们选择专注于四个结构，跨越早期（获得控制和视觉整合的感知）和更高层次（目标维护，关系编码和检索）的人类认知处理的组成部分。通过研究多种机制，我们将能够建立跨不同层次和类型的认知机制的翻译方法的一般性。具体目标1是验证（在精神分裂症患者和比较参与者中）评估我们感兴趣的四个结构的范式的优化版本，以及检查精神分裂症中任务表现与临床和功能结局的关系。通过优化，我们的意思是检查修改已经验证的范例，旨在：1）最大限度地减少任务长度; 2）简化跨多个站点的任务管理; 3）最大限度地提高敏感性和选择性，在评估感兴趣的特定认知机制;和4）提高可靠性，最大限度地减少地板和天花板效应。通过验证，我们的意思是确保这种旨在增强任务的心理测量特性的优化不会改变其结构效度。具体目标2将评估和优化重测信度和具体目标1中验证的任务版本的实践效果。该项目通过显著提高我们将范式转化为基础认知神经科学文献的能力，用于旨在改善精神分裂症认知的临床试验，对公共卫生具有高度相关性。精神分裂症的认知缺陷是这种使人衰弱的疾病功能结局的主要预测因素。因此，我们需要改进检测和增强精神分裂症认知功能的方法，以帮助患有这种疾病的人过上更有成效和充实的生活。